Necrotizing enterocolitis: recent advances in treatment with translational potential

Ganji, Niloofar; Li, Bo; Lee, Carol; Pierro, Agostino

doi:10.1007/s00383-023-05476-0

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…The study also found that BLF reduced gut inflammation and systemic LPS levels, indicating that BLF has a positive effect on the gut microbiota in obese mice [ 59 ]. A crucial finding of a review is that the available evidence suggests that an oral administration of BLF can decrease the occurrence of late-onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) stage II or greater in preterm infants without any negative effects, and this administration decreases the intestinal injury in experimental NEC by downregulating inflammation and upregulating cell proliferation [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Moreover, LF also holds promise as an agent against streptococcal infections, likely due to its ability to display antibacterial activities, modulate the host inflammatory response, and influence disease outcome [ 63 ].…”

Section: The Direct and Indirect Prebiotic Roles Of Lactoferrin In Vi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Featured Prebiotic Agent: The Roles and Mechanisms of Direct and Indirect Prebiotic Activities of Lactoferrin and Its Application in Disease Control

Liu

Chen

2023

Nutrients

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Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein found in mammalian milk, and lactoferricin is a peptide derived from LF hydrolysate. Both LF and lactoferricin (LFcin) have diverse functions that could benefit mammals. Bovine LF (BLF) and BLFcin exhibit a wide range of antimicrobial activities, but most probiotic strains are relatively resistant to their antibacterial effects. BLF and BLF hydrolysate can promote the growth of specific probiotics depending on the culture conditions, the dose of BLF or BLF-related peptides, and the probiotic strains used. BLF supplementation has been shown to modulate several central molecular pathways or genes in Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG under cold conditions, which may explain the prebiotic roles of BLF. LF alone or in combination with selected probiotics can help control bacterial infections or metabolic disorders, both in animal studies and in human clinical trials. Various LF-expressing probiotics, including those expressing BLF, human LF, or porcine LF, have been developed to facilitate the combination of LFs with specific probiotics. Supplementation with LF-expressing probiotics has positive effects in animal studies. Interestingly, inactivated LF-expressing probiotics significantly improved diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a mouse model. This review highlights the accumulated evidence supporting the use of LF in combination with selected LF-resistant probiotics or LF-expressing probiotics in the field.

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Section: The Direct and Indirect Prebiotic Roles Of Lactoferrin In Vi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Featured Prebiotic Agent: The Roles and Mechanisms of Direct and Indirect Prebiotic Activities of Lactoferrin and Its Application in Disease Control

Liu

Chen

2023

Nutrients

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“…Human breast milk, either maternal or donor, has been shown to almost half the risk of NEC vs. formula feed in meta-analysis ( 27 ). The exact mechanisms for this are an area of ongoing research but in-vitro studies and animal models suggest that these mechanisms include epidermal growth factor (EGF) mediated inhibition of signalling via the innate immune receptor TLR4, human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) associated enhancement of intestinal perfusion and binding of intestinal bacteria by Immunoglobulin A (IgA) ( 28 , 29 ). Whilst NEC continues to afflict preterm infants it is important that we can identify and treat NEC as quickly and effectively as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in our understanding of NEC diagnosis, prognosis and surgical approach

Bethell,

Hall

2023

Front. Pediatr.

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Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) remains a devasting condition that has seen limited improvement in outcomes in recent years. The incidence of the disease is increasing as more extremely premature infants survive. NEC is responsible for 1 in 10 neonatal deaths and up to 61% of survivors have significant neurodevelopmental delay. The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances in diagnosis, prognosis and surgical approach in this condition. Many recent studies have reported novel methods of diagnosis of NEC with the aim of earlier and more accurate identification. These include imaging and machine learning techniques. Prognostication of NEC is particularly important to allow earlier escalation of therapy. Around 25% of infants with NEC will require surgery and recent data has shown that time from disease onset to surgery is greater in infants whose indication for surgery is failed medical management, rather than pneumoperitoneum. This indication was also associated with worse outcomes compared to pneumoperitoneum. Ongoing research has highlighted several new methods of disease prognostication which includes differentiating surgical from medical NEC. Finally, recent randomised controlled trials in surgical technique are discussed along with the implications of these for practice. Further, high quality research utilising multi-centre collaborations and high fidelity data from electronic patient records is needed to address the issues discussed and ultimately improve outcomes in NEC.

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Neurodevelopmental impairment following surgical necrotizing enterocolitis with gestational age ≥ 28 weeks: who is at risk?

Shang,

Du,

Geng

et al. 2024

Pediatr Surg Int

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Necrotizing enterocolitis: recent advances in treatment with translational potential

Cited by 6 publications

References 157 publications

Featured Prebiotic Agent: The Roles and Mechanisms of Direct and Indirect Prebiotic Activities of Lactoferrin and Its Application in Disease Control

Featured Prebiotic Agent: The Roles and Mechanisms of Direct and Indirect Prebiotic Activities of Lactoferrin and Its Application in Disease Control

Recent advances in our understanding of NEC diagnosis, prognosis and surgical approach

Neurodevelopmental impairment following surgical necrotizing enterocolitis with gestational age ≥ 28 weeks: who is at risk?

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