Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Hemolysis Associated With Clostridium perfringens

Warren, Shaw; Schreiber, John R.; Epstein, Michael F.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1984.02140450068021

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The mucosal barrier of premature infants is insufficient during the first weeks of life, and its higher permeability might not only be due to local bacterial toxin effects [26]. In our study, patients with Cp saw the onset of symptoms during the first 2 weeks of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Alpha toxin plays a key role in the pathogenesis of C. perfringens type A strain-related diseases such a gas gangrene in humans [8] and in animals [13]. Alpha toxin shows phospholipase C activity and haemolytic activity as well as a variety of subtle effects in the intracellular metabolism of eukaryotic target cells, which confirm its toxicity [4,7,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Necrotizing enterocolitis of the neonate with Clostridium perfringens: diagnosis, clinical course, and role of alpha toxin

et al. 2007

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The severity of the clinical course in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) associated with Clostridium perfringens (Cp) may support the hypothesis of a specific disease. We conducted a case control study of infants diagnosed with NEC, who underwent surgical treatment over a 7-year period. Patient histories examined characteristics of the infants, bacterial infection as well as NEC's severity, antibiotic treatment, and clinical course. Infants infected with NEC associated with Cp were compared with NEC patients without Cp. The alpha toxin from Cp type A was detected in most of the isolated strains. Cp was identified as a causative agent of NEC in nine cases. As compared with the control group (n = 32), the onset of disease was earlier in life, the clinical course more severe, and patients had a larger extent of gangrene. Portal venous gas was evident in 77% of all Cp cases, as compared to 25% in the control group. The mortality rate was 44% in the Cp group, and only 18.7% in the control group. Type A Clostridium perfringens was identified in six cases. In each isolate alpha toxin production was proven, but without any correlation to the severity of the clinical course, the extent of intestinal gangrene or mortality. In premature infants NEC in conjunction with Cp seems to be more severe than other NEC cases; it also entails higher mortality and morbidity. Alpha toxin concentrations do not correlate with the severity of the disease. Portal venous gas is highly suggestive for the diagnosis of Cp infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necrotizing enterocolitis of the neonate with Clostridium perfringens: diagnosis, clinical course, and role of alpha toxin

et al. 2007

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“…Cold agglutinins induced by mycoplasma that cross-react with antigens on red cell membranes (23) and the binding of the polyribosyl ribitol phosphate polysaccharide (PRP) of Hemophilus intuenzue to red cells leading to subsequent hemolysis by anti-PRP antibodies (24) are both clearly defined examples of infectious agents that induce hemolytic anemias. The binding of immune complexes to red cells and the directed destruction of red cells by bacterial toxins or enzymes are also postulated to play a role in some conditions (23,25). The relative importance of each of these mechanisms is not established at this time.…”

Section: Other States Of Red Cell Cryptantigen Exposure In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathobiology of Red Cell Cryptantigen Exposure

Novak

1990

Pediatric Pathology

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This article has defined in part the circumstances in which red cell cryptantigen exposure occurs and its significance in children. Bacteria-induced cryptantigens (T and Tk) are the most commonly encountered and, when present, suggest a guarded prognosis, a complicated clinical course, and a need for care in transfusion management with particular attention to the avoidance of plasma-containing products. Nonbacterial-induced cryptantigens (Th and Tn) are much less commonly seen and are encountered as a complicating feature of a serious hematologic condition and may be a potential source of confusion in the neonate.

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“…Neonatal pneumonia and abscesses were reported in association with the recovery of B. fragilis and necrotizing enterocolitis with the recovery of Clostridia (34)(35)(36). Neonatal pneumonia and abscesses were reported in association with the recovery of B. fragilis and necrotizing enterocolitis with the recovery of Clostridia (34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Predisposing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Infections

Brook¹

1989

Anaerobic Infections in Humans

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Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Hemolysis Associated With Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Necrotizing enterocolitis of the neonate with Clostridium perfringens: diagnosis, clinical course, and role of alpha toxin

Necrotizing enterocolitis of the neonate with Clostridium perfringens: diagnosis, clinical course, and role of alpha toxin

The Pathobiology of Red Cell Cryptantigen Exposure

Pediatric Infections

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