Near-Isogenic Lines of Maize Differing for Glycinebetaine

Yang, Wen-Ju; Nadolska‐Orczyk, Anna; Wood, Karl V.; Hahn, Daniel T.; Rich, Patrick J.; Wood, Andrew J.; Saneoka, Hirofumi; Premachandra, Gnanasiri S.; Bonham, Connie C.; Rhodes, Judith C.; Joly, Robert; Samaras, Yiannis; Goldsbrough, Peter B.; Rhodes, David

doi:10.1104/pp.107.2.621

Cited by 61 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The use of a series of near isogenic lines of maize that either contained or were deficient for betaine also show that choline synthesis can be down-regulated in nonsalinized or salinized plants growing under greenhouse growth conditions (Yang et al, 1995). In these plants, the diminished capacity of betainedeficient lines to oxidize choline to betaine did not lead to an expanded pool of choline, whose size was commensurate with the difference in the betaine pool size between the two lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Enzymes of Choline Synthesis in Spinach (Response of Phospho-Base N-Methyltransferase Activities to Light and Salinity)

et al. 1995

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In spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), choline is found in the form of phosphatidylcholine and it also serves as a precursor for the osmolyte Gly betaine (betaine) (Coughlan and Wyn Jones, 1982). For spinach and sugar beet, both members of Chenopodiaceae, radiotracer studies have shown that choline is synthesized by a pathway involving watersoluble, phospho-base intermediates (Hanson and Rhodes, 1983;Summers and Weretilnyk, 1993). In this pathway, ethanolamine is phosphorylated by the enzyme ethanolamine kinase to form PEA, and then PEA is sequentially N-methylated three times to form PCho. The conversion of PEA to PCho is catalyzed by SAM:phospho-base N-methyltransferase enzymes, although the exact number of enzymes catalyzing the N-methylation reactions is uncertain. The product PCho can serve in the synthesis of phospholipids, or alternatively, it can be hydrolyzed, presumably by PCho phosphatase, to release choline, which can be oxidized to betaine. Whereas the two enzymes responsible for choline oxidation to betaine are found in chloroplasts (Hanson et al., 1985), the subcellular distribution of the other choline biosynthetic enzymes is unknown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Enzymes of Choline Synthesis in Spinach (Response of Phospho-Base N-Methyltransferase Activities to Light and Salinity)

et al. 1995

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“…RHLs have long been used to produce NILs for physiological studies (e.g. Yang et al 1995, Ismail et al 1999, and its effectiveness for fine-mapping of QTL(s) was demonstrated by Tuinstra et al (1997) under the name of heterozygous inbred family (HIF) and by Yamanaka et al (2005). Although NILs derived from an RHL enable to analyse the locus of interest only under a specific genetic background, RHLs are a useful tool for rapid confirmation of the existence of QTLs where the genotyping data of RILs are available (Yamanaka et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confirmation of the location and the effects of a major QTL controlling pod dehiscence, qPDH1, in soybean

Funatsuki

Hajika

Hagihara³

et al. 2008

Breed. Sci.

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Pod dehiscence (shattering) is a major source of yield loss in mechanical harvest of soybean. To develop a marker-assisted selection system for a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) controlling pod dehiscence, designated as qPDH1, we confirmed the usefulness of flanking markers and the effect of qPDH1 under different genetic backgrounds. The progeny of a residual heterozygous line for the genomic region around qPDH1 was screened for four flanking markers to obtain various recombinants in the vicinity of the QTL. The analysis of the relationship between the pod dehiscence degree and the graphical genotype of these lines confirmed the presence of qPDH1 in the region between the SSR markers, Sat_366 and Sat_093, on linkage group J. At these marker loci, the alleles from a Thai cultivar, SJ2, the donor of the shattering resistance, were inherited by most of the shattering-resistant, SJ2-derived cultivars and were distinct from those of the shatteringsusceptible cultivars tested. The effect of the allele from SJ2 at qPDH1 was confirmed by association tests under four genetic backgrounds derived from crosses with three susceptible cultivars in the northern to southwestern regions of Japan and a susceptible accession of Indonesian origin at three locations. These results suggest that the allele from SJ2 at qPDH1 and the linked markers could be widely used for the improvement of the shattering resistance in soybean.

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“…The BADH of Glybet in these species depended on salt inducers 26,29 , salt concentrations 25,32 , exposure time to salt stress 14 as well as genotypic variations. [28][29][30][31][32][33] Normally, the higher of salt concentrations and longer exposure times to salt-stress led to a greater accumulation of Glybet in these plants. Similar observations have been made for BADH enzyme abundance and/or activity in response to salt stress.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25][26][27] The low level of Glybet content in saltstressed indica seedlings may not be sufficient to 28 , grasses 32 and maize. 33 In conclusion, Thai jasmine rice seedlings cultured under salt stress exhibit a significant increase in Glybet biosynthesis and accumulation in the leaf tissues. This Glybet accumulation immediately following the initial exposure of rice seedlings to salt stress may function as a defense response to unfavorable growth conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Cha–um¹,

Kirdmanee²,

Supaibulwatana³

2004

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this research was to investigate glycinebetaine (Glybet) accumulation in rice seedlings via the activity of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) and to characterize the physiological responses of Glybet-accumulated seedlings to salt stress. The BADH activity of Thai jasmine rice seedlings cultured photoautotrophically showed a progressive elevation during the first four days after growth under salt-stress condition (342 mM NaCl), but gradually decreased thereafter (days 6-8). This increase in BADH activity was accompanied by an accumulation of Glybet. In contrast, the BADH activity and Glybet content of control seedlings (0 mM NaCl) remained at a low and constant level during the same 8-day interval. Significant reductions in the concentrations of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carotenoid of salt-stressed seedling were observed with increasing exposure time to salt-stressed conditions. The decrease in total chlorophyll concentrations of salt-stressed seedlings was positively related to reductions in the net photosynthetic rate (r = 0.89), and dry weight (r = 0.89). The dry weight of in-vitro salt-stressed seedling was positively related to their survival percentage (r = 0.94). The survival percentage of salt-stressed seedlings was significantly decreased with increasing exposure time to the salt-stressed conditions. The Glybet accumulation in salt-stressed rice seedlings is consistent with a defense response to salt-stressed conditions. These results suggest that assaying BADH activity and/or Glybet accumulation may be further used in screening for salt-tolerant varieties of indica rice.

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Near-Isogenic Lines of Maize Differing for Glycinebetaine

Cited by 61 publications

References 20 publications

Enzymes of Choline Synthesis in Spinach (Response of Phospho-Base N-Methyltransferase Activities to Light and Salinity)

Enzymes of Choline Synthesis in Spinach (Response of Phospho-Base N-Methyltransferase Activities to Light and Salinity)

Confirmation of the location and the effects of a major QTL controlling pod dehiscence, qPDH1, in soybean

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