Near-infrared light-controlled kartogenin delivery of multifunctional Prussian blue nanocomposites for cartilage defect repair

Abstract

Articular cartilage injury repair remains a challenge for clinicians and researchers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multiple differentiation potentials and can be induced to differentiate into the chondrogenic lineage for...

Nano-enzyme hydrogels for cartilage repair effectiveness based on ternary strategy therapy

“…In patients with OA, ROS-mediated oxidative stress leads to the differentiation of cartilage into hypertrophic CHOs, resulting in difficulty in forming stable articular cartilage. 85 Toluidine blue staining demonstrated that Fe/ZIF-8/Gel was effective in reducing hypertrophic differentiation of cartilage, exhibiting a morphology essentially identical to that of the sham-operated group after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment (Fig. 6f and Fig.…”

Advancements in tissue engineering for articular cartilage regeneration

“…Another study by Yang et al [ 75 ] loaded BMSCs onto gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel microspheres with superwetting properties, enabling sustained release of TGF-β and promoting cartilage regeneration at bone defect sites. By manipulating factors such as carrier material properties, degradation rates, and cross-linking mechanisms, desired release kinetics can be achieved [ 94 , 173 ]. This approach ensures sustained and localized delivery of therapeutic agents, enhancing their biological activity and facilitating targeted cartilage regeneration.…”

“…Graphene oxide, a derivative of graphene with oxygen-containing functional groups, can be bound to hydrogels and has been shown by Liu et al [ 185 ] to promote chondrocytes secretion, reduce joint inflammation, and facilitate AC repair. Another effective approach involves the delivery of kartogenin using multifunctional Prussian blue nanocomposites developed by Liu et al [ 173 ]. This method promotes chondrogenic differentiation while inhibiting excessive MSC differentiation.…”

“…This method promotes chondrogenic differentiation while inhibiting excessive MSC differentiation. In a rat cartilage defect model, precise and controlled release of this nanomaterial through intra-articular injection, triggered by near-infrared, achieves excellent cartilage repair [ 173 ]. Additionally, Cai et al [ 186 ] prepared bionic copper sulfide@phosphatidylcholine nanoparticles loaded with TGF-β1 plasmid DNA.…”