Near-infrared laser-induced breakdown of liquid benzene

Toyota, Kei; Nakashima, S.; Okada, Tadashi

doi:10.1016/s0009-2614(00)00532-7

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The measured value of E th was quite close to the threshold optical preresonant field for dielectric breakdown in liquid benzene by nanosecond pulses. In the study by Toyota et al ., the nonresonant breakdown threshold of liquid benzene was given as 54 kJ cm –1 for a 10‐ns pulse duration, which corresponds to a laser field E in = 6.4 GV m –1 , quite close to what was measured here despite the somewhat different laser pulse conditions. In this type of laser dielectric breakdown, the process is initiated by the generation of seed electrons via multiphoton or field ionization followed by an electron avalanche.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The distributions of enhancement factors in close‐packed and nonclose‐packed surface‐enhanced Raman substrates

Fang

Yang

Jiang

et al. 2011

J Raman Spectroscopy

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A method employing photochemical hole burning, previously developed to measure the distribution of Raman enhancement factors on a nanostructured substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering, is used to compare the enhancement distributions of benzenethiol adsorbed on substrates optimized for 532 nm laser excitation consisting of close‐packed (CP) or nonclose‐packed (NCP) nanospheres. The ensemble‐averaged Raman enhancement factor was 2.8 times smaller for the NCP substrate. The measured distributions revealed additional information. For instance, 92% of the molecules on the CP substrate and 93.6% of the molecules on the NCP substrate had Raman enhancements below average. The minimum enhancements on both substrates were ~104, but on the NCP substrate the maximum enhancement was 1.2 × 108, whereas on the CP substrate the maximum was 2 × 1010. The Ag‐coated nanospheres form hemisphere‐on‐cylinder mushroom‐like structures on both lattices, but on the NCP lattice, one third of the molecules are on the flat regions between the mushrooms. The flats on the NCP lattice have enhancements of ~104, showing they are part of a resonant plasmonic structure. The highest NCP enhancements of ~108 are tentatively associated with regions at the bases of the mushrooms, whereas the highest CP enhancements of 2 × 1010 are tentatively associated with gaps between nanospheres where 0.0025% of the molecules reside. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The distributions of enhancement factors in close‐packed and nonclose‐packed surface‐enhanced Raman substrates

Fang

Yang

Jiang

et al. 2011

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…The magnitude of these intense local electric fields approaches a value reported by Apkarian et al using CO as a Stark probe chemisorbed on a fusing silver nano-dumbbell junction (100 MV/cm) 30 . We note that the local electric fields of this magnitude are in the range of the field ionization threshold (E th typically 1~10 GV/m) 70, 71 where photo-damage can be expected when local electric field E Loc ≥ E th . For those clustered NPoMs where E Loc extends beyond 70 MV/cm, we indeed observe an increase of bands likely associated with photoproducts (ESI, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Detection of electron tunneling across plasmonic nanoparticle–film junctions using nitrile vibrations

Wang

Yao

Parkhill

et al. 2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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The significant electric field enhancements that occur in plasmonic nanogap junctions are instrumental in boosting the performance of spectroscopy, optoelectronics and catalysis. Electron tunneling, associated with quantum effects in small junctions, is reported to limit the electric field enhancement. However, observing and quantitatively determining how tunneling alters the electric fields within small gaps is challenging due to the nanoscale dimensions and heterogeneity present experimentally. Here we report the use of a nitrile probe placed in the nanoparticle-film gap junctions to demonstrate that the change in the nitrile stretching band associated with the vibrational Stark effect can be directly correlated with the local electric field environment modulated by gap size variations. The Stark shift arises correlates with plasmon resonance shifts associated with electron tunneling across the gap junction. Time dependent changes in the nitrile band with extended illumination further support a build up of charge associated with optical rectification in the coupled plasmon system. Computational models agree with our experimental observations that the frequency shifts arise from a vibrational Stark effect. Large local electric fields associated with the smallest gap junctions give rise to significant Stark shifts. These results indicate that nitrile Stark probes can measure the local field strengths in plasmonic junctions and monitor the subtle changes in the local electric fields resulting from electron tunneling.

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“…242 However, in this case, they are indicated to derive from the thermal decomposition of the compound due to the much higher temperatures attained (the absorption coefficient of the compound at this wavelength being orders of magnitude higher than that at 248 nm). In fact, most of these products are observed 253,254 even in the laserinduced breakdown of the aromatic liquids, though their formation in this case is mediated via free electrons, and no electronically excited states are detected.…”

Section: Photolabile Liquids: Photochemical Mechanism Of Materials Ej...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Laser-Induced Material Ejection from Model Molecular Solids and Liquids: Mechanisms, Implications, and Applications

2003

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Near-infrared laser-induced breakdown of liquid benzene

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

The distributions of enhancement factors in close‐packed and nonclose‐packed surface‐enhanced Raman substrates

The distributions of enhancement factors in close‐packed and nonclose‐packed surface‐enhanced Raman substrates

Detection of electron tunneling across plasmonic nanoparticle–film junctions using nitrile vibrations

Laser-Induced Material Ejection from Model Molecular Solids and Liquids: Mechanisms, Implications, and Applications

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