Near‐Infrared Electroluminescence from Lanthanide Tetraphenylporphyrin:Polystyrene Blends

Abstract

the effect of morphology on the transistor performance of Me 4 PENT is underway and will be reported in a future publication.In conclusion, a pentacene derivative, Me 4 PENT, has been successfully synthesized and single crystals of Me 4 PENT were obtained by gradient sublimation. Calculations show that Me 4 PENT has similar reorganization energy to that of pentacene. TFTs fabricated with Me 4 PENT showed a higher charge transport mobility with the bottom-contact mode device prepared with a deposition substrate temperature of 25 C and even higher charge transport mobility (0.31 cm 2 V ±1 s ±1 ) in devices prepared with a deposition substrate temperature of 85 C.Experimental 2,3,9,10-Tetramethyl-pentacene (Me 4 PENT): Into a round-bottomed flask, aluminum wire (2.5 g, 0.093 mol), mercuric chloride (0.05 g, 0.184 mmol), and dry cyclohexanol (100 mL), with one drop of carbon tetrachloride (0.2 mL) were added. The mixture was refluxed overnight under argon. Compound 4 (2,3,9,10-tetramethylpentacene-6,13-dione, supporting information on the synthesis of compound 4 is available from the authors upon request) (1.46 g, 0.004 mol) was then added in one portion and the mixture was refluxed for 3 days. After cooling to 60 C, the solvent was decanted and ethanol (60 mL) was added. The precipitate was separated by centrifugation, washed with hot acetic acid (2 50 mL), 25 % HCl (2 50 mL), hot water (2 50 mL), and ethanol again (2 50 mL). The dark blue compound was dried under vacuum at 60 C overnight to give a crude product (0.94 g, 70 %), which was further purified by gradient sublimation to yield dark blue crystals m.p. > 300 C (0.39 g, 42 %). MS (EI) m/z: 334 (M + , 100).

Red‐NIR Luminescent Hybrid Poly(methyl methacrylate) Containing Covalently Linked Octahedral Rhenium Metallic Clusters

“…[5c] Kang et al [6] reported a polystyrene-Nd III complex blend that showed photoluminescence in solution between l = 850 and 1150 nm with a photoluminescence quantum yield F PL of 0.0024. Although lanthanide complexes are interesting owing to their sharp f-f emission band, their F PL values in the red-NIR region are usually low (F PL < 0.005), and thereby their use as emitting phosphors is still limited.…”

“…[1] Although a wide plethora of examples can be found in which quantum dots, [2] ZnO, [3] polyoxometalate, [4] or rare-earth cations [5] are incorporated into polymers to act as emitting phosphors, there is a lack of Abstract: The embedding of functional inorganic entities into polymer matrices has become an intense field of investigation in which the main challenges are to keep the added value of the inorganic entities while preventing their self-aggregation within the organic matrix. We present a simple way to obtain a homogeneous highly red-NIR luminescent hybrid copolymer that contains covalently bonded nanometric-sized {Re 6 cluster complexes are primarily functionalized in two steps with tert-butylpyridine (TBP) and methacrylic acid (MAC) to give neutral [Re 6 Se 8 A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (TBP) 4 A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (MAC) 2 ] building blocks that are copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) either in solution or in bulk in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. Several samples containing 0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 wt % of functionalized {Re 6 } clusters were prepared.…”

“…We present a simple way to obtain a homogeneous highly red-NIR luminescent hybrid copolymer that contains covalently bonded nanometric-sized {Re 6 cluster complexes are primarily functionalized in two steps with tert-butylpyridine (TBP) and methacrylic acid (MAC) to give neutral [Re 6 Se 8 A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (TBP) 4 A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (MAC) 2 ] building blocks that are copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) either in solution or in bulk in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. Several samples containing 0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 wt % of functionalized {Re 6 } clusters were prepared. As the {Re 6 } cluster/MMA ratio is very low, the obtained copolymers keep the entire processability of pure poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), as demonstrated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.…”

The morphology and photoelectronic properties of poly(9,9′‐dioctylfluorene)/ethyl‐cyanoethyl cellulose blends

“…Many nonconjugated polymers, such as poly(methylmethacrylate)(PMMA), 11,14,15 polystyrene, 13,16,17 and polyvinyl alcohol, 18 have been applied in conjugated polymer blends to improve the performance of the LEDs. Ethyl-cyanoethyl cellulose [(E-CE)C] is a semirigid molecule with its good properties for forming thin film, good transparency in the visible range, and large band gap.…”

Efficient Energy Transfer Pathways for the Sensitization of Lanthanide Ions by Luminescent Ligands in Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes

“…[1][2][3] In most cases, luminescent lanthanide complexes consist of a lanthanide ion and a chelating luminescent ligand which acts as a sensitizer that transfers excitation energy to the encapsulated lanthanide ion. The presence of the luminescent ligand overcomes the lanthanide ion's intrinsically low luminescence intensity by direct excitation of the lanthanide ion with low absorption and emission cross-sections.…”