Near infrared electrochromic polymers based on phenazine moieties

The role of structural and electronic factors in shaping the ambipolar properties of donor–acceptor polymers of thiophene and benzothiadiazole

“…This type of -conjugation organic materials consist of electron-rich and electron-deficient units [12]. Some D-A polymers exhibited remarkable properties such as broad and strong absorption, narrow band gap, fast and reversible color changing, high conductivity [13][14][15][16]. In addition these groups of polymers present high stability during doping process with different charge carriers during the redox process that is considered to be one of the main processes to decrease the distance between HOMO and LUMO energy levels [17].…”

“…In addition these groups of polymers present high stability during doping process with different charge carriers during the redox process that is considered to be one of the main processes to decrease the distance between HOMO and LUMO energy levels [17]. This has pushed them to be employed in several electronic applications such as photovoltaic devices [17][18][19] organic field effect transistors [13] and electrochromic devices for instance smart windows and mirrors [15,20,21].…”

Triphenylamine-based multielectrochromic material and its neutral green electrochromic devices

“…Up to now, many different types of organic and inorganic electrochromic materials have been developed. Electrochromic polymers have received increasing attention due to their potential for fast switching speeds, high contrast ability, and easily processing [1], which have been widely used in the fields of ultralow-power-consumption devices, such as smart windows [2], anti-dazzling mirrors [3], non-emissive electrochromic displays [4], and military camouflage [5]. A large number of applications exist based on electrochromism, which relies on the reproducible switching characteristics of low band gap polymers [6].…”

A high contrast solid-state electrochromic device based on nano-structural Prussian blue and poly(butyl viologen) thin films

“…The deposition bath of PBV contained 20.0 mM BVBr 2 , 10.0 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 90.0 mM K 2 HPO 4 , and 100.0 mM K 4 Fe(CN) 6 . The PBV thin film was deposited on an ITO substrate (R sh ¼7 Ω/□) by anodic electropolymerization at À 0.75 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) using the monomer bis(4-cyano-1-pyridino)butane dibromide (BVBr 2 ) [28].…”

“…Electrochromism refers to reversible color changes of electrochromic materials involving electrochemical redox reactions. Electrochromism belongs to an important green environmental technology, because the transmittance of a window can be attenuated reversibly to provide indoor comfort [4][5][6][7]. The ECDs can be categorized into three types, solution type, hybrid type, and thin-film battery-like type.…”