Near-field polarization conversion in planar chiral nanostructures

Takahashi, Satoshi; Potts, A.; Bagnall, Darren M.; Zheludev, Nikolay I.; Zayats, Anatoly V.

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2005.06.001

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This arrangement leads to planar geometrical chirality, and its handedness determines the handedness of the chiral fields. Earlier work also indicates that planar geometrically chiral structures can lead to local chiral fields [47,48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Formation of chiral fields in a symmetric environment

Schäferling¹,

Yin²,

Gießen³

2012

Opt. Express

159

194

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Abstract:Chiral fields, i. e., electromagnetic fields with nonvanishing optical chirality, can occur next to symmetric nanostructures without geometrical chirality illuminated with linearly polarized light at normal incidence. A simple dipole model is utilized to explain this behavior theoretically. Illuminated with circularly polarized light, the chiral near-fields are still dominated by the distributions found for the linear polarization but show additional features due to the optical chirality of the incident light. Rotating the angle of linear polarization introduces more subtle changes to the distribution of optical chirality. Using our findings, we propose a novel scheme to obtain chiroptical far-field response using linearly polarized light, which could be utilized for applications such as optical enantiomer sensing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Formation of chiral fields in a symmetric environment

Schäferling¹,

Yin²,

Gießen³

2012

Opt. Express

159

194

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“…It results from the interaction of an electromagnetic wave with a planar chiral structure patterned on the sub-wavelength scale, and manifests itself in asymmetric transmission of circularly polarized waves in the opposite directions through the structure and elliptically polarized eigenstates. The new effect is radically different from conventional gyrotropy of three-dimensional chiral media.Since Hetch and Barron [1] and Arnaut and Davis [2] first introduced planar chiral structures to electromagnetic research they have become the subject of intense theoretical [3,4] and experimental investigations with respect to the polarization properties of scattered fields [5,6,7]. It was understood by many that planar chirality is essentially different in symmetry from threedimensional chirality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Hetch and Barron [1] and Arnaut and Davis [2] first introduced planar chiral structures to electromagnetic research they have become the subject of intense theoretical [3,4] and experimental investigations with respect to the polarization properties of scattered fields [5,6,7]. It was understood by many that planar chirality is essentially different in symmetry from threedimensional chirality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves through a Planar Chiral Structure

et al. 2006

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We report the first experiential observation and theoretical analysis of the new phenomenon of planar chiral circular conversion dichroism, which in some aspects resembles the Faraday effect in magnetized media, but does not require the presence of a magnetic field for its observation. It results from the interaction of an electromagnetic wave with a planar chiral structure patterned on the sub-wavelength scale, and manifests itself in asymmetric transmission of circularly polarized waves in the opposite directions through the structure and elliptically polarized eigenstates. The new effect is radically different from conventional gyrotropy of three-dimensional chiral media.Since Hetch and Barron [1] and Arnaut and Davis [2] first introduced planar chiral structures to electromagnetic research they have become the subject of intense theoretical [3,4] and experimental investigations with respect to the polarization properties of scattered fields [5,6,7]. It was understood by many that planar chirality is essentially different in symmetry from threedimensional chirality. Whereas in three-dimensional chiral structures the sense of perceived rotation remains unchanged for opposing directions of observation (think, for example, of a helix observed along its axis), planar chiral structures possess a sense of twist that is reversed when they are observed from opposite sides of the plane to which the structure belongs. Consequently, if planar chiral structures were to exhibit a polarization effect (due to this twist) for light incident normal to the plane, the sense of the effect would be reversed for light propagating in opposite directions. Such behavior has never been observed before, but if proven would be of profound benefit to the development of a new class of microwave and optical devices.In this paper we report such a polarization sensitive effect. It is a previously unknown fundamental phenomenon of electromagnetism that asymmetric materials can generate behaviors that in some ways resemble the famous non-reciprocity of the Faraday effect, which emerges when a wave propagates through a magnetized medium. However, the phenomenon reported here does not require the presence of a magnetic field and results from an electromagnetic wave's transmission through a chiral planar structure patterned on the sub-wavelength scale. Both in the Faraday effect and in that produced by planar chirality, the transmission and retardation of a circularly polarized wave are different in opposite directions. In both cases the polarization eigenstates, i.e. polarization states conserved on propagation, are elliptical (circular).There are also essential differences between the two phenomena. The asymmetry of the Faraday effect with respect to propagation in opposite directions applies to the transmission and retardation of the incident circularly polarized wave itself. The planar chirality effect leads to the (partial) conversion of the incident wave into one of opposite handedness, and it is the efficiency of this conversion that is as...

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“…Previous studies of planar chiral geometries have focused on straight or curved open-ended wire-type geometries, such as generalized swastikas (gammadions) [7], [10]- [17], [21], planar chiral hooks (L-or J-shaped wires, or indeed most letters of the alphabet) [1,5,16], scalene triangles [22,23], spirals [20,24], etc. These works follow a "bottomup" approach, in which a planar chiral geometry is synthesized via assembly of concatenated 1-D wire segments.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar chirality of plasmonic multi-split rings

Arnaut¹

2009

J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.

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Abstract. We develop an analytical framework for the analysis of planar chiral multi-split rings, based on a Fourier series expansion of the induced current. The number, width, and location of each split (gap) is arbitrary. Provision is made for the possibility of inserting lumped active or passive impedance loads in the gaps. The model demonstrates the hallmark of planar chirality and its consequent magneto-electric coupling as a function of the parameters of the splits and impedance loads. It is demonstrated that impedance loads sequenced in a clockwise or anti-clockwise fashion allow for generation of dissymetric current distributions in the plane, like for geometric (structural) chirality.We also determine the effect of planar chirality on the relevant dyadic polarizability components of a split ring.Reflection and transmission coefficient characteristics of regular arrays of such rings are determined with the aid of the periodic method of moments. Phase-coherent detection of the sense of handedness and incoherent detection of planar chirality per se by measurement of the field intensity are shown to be possible, in both the reflection and transmission characteristics. These results are relevant to both coherent and incoherent detection at optical and suboptical wavelengths.

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Near-field polarization conversion in planar chiral nanostructures

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Formation of chiral fields in a symmetric environment

Formation of chiral fields in a symmetric environment

Asymmetric Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves through a Planar Chiral Structure

Planar chirality of plasmonic multi-split rings

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