Near-field optical lithography of a conjugated polymer

Riehn, Robert; Charas, Ana; Morgado, Jorge; Cacialli, Franco

doi:10.1063/1.1539278

Cited by 113 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In some cases, for example for organic semiconductors (OS), it is also possible to write directly the final semiconductors nanostructures by exposure to optical evanescent ways without the use of a sacrificial resist [36].…”

Section: Photolithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although they are predicted to have extremely high transmission efficiency, apertureless optical fiber tips with high transmission efficiency have never been manufactured [32,33]. On the contrary, apertured tips have been widely used in light nano-focusing, albeit without the aid of the surface plasmons [26,[34][35][36]. In 2009, apertured tips exploiting the surface plasmons to confine light to sub-wavelength spot sizes (λ/3) in optical fibers and microfibers were realized [37,38]: the use of the SPs improved transmission efficiency by several orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient light confinement with nanostructured optical microfiber tips

Ding

Fenwick

Stasio

et al. 2012

Optics Communications

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Nanostructured optical microfiber tips are proposed and experimentally demonstrated to efficiently confine light beyond the diffraction limit at high powers. Focused ion beam milling was used for the nanostructuring of gold-coated optical microfiber tips with both single-ramp and wedge geometries. Small apertures were formed by flat cutting or hole drilling and optical spot sizes of ~λ/10 with high transmission efficiency were achieved. Numerical simulations were carried out to optimize the device design with circularly polarized light. Enhanced transmission efficiencies (higher than 10 -2 ) were recorded by optimizing the overall light throughput along the fiber tips. The tip thermal behavior was investigated by launching high powers into the device and recording the tip position in a scanning optical near-field microscopy set-up. This nanostructured optical microfiber tip has the potential for applications in optical recording, scanning near-field optical microscopy and lithography.

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Section: Photolithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient light confinement with nanostructured optical microfiber tips

Ding

Fenwick

Stasio

et al. 2012

Optics Communications

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“…One-dimensional micro-and nano-fiber devices have been prepared using ES [211][212][213][214][215][216][217][218][219], hard and soft template-assisted methods [220][221][222], self-assembly [223][224][225], scanning probe lithography (direct writing) [226][227][228], direct drawing [229,230], nanoimprint lithography [131], nanofluidics [231], and physical vapor transport and deposition [232]. Review articles of these methods have been published by Kim et al [36] and Long et al [233].…”

Section: Fabrication Of Organic Micro-and Nanofiber Semiconductor Symentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning for nano- to mesoscale photonic structures

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The fabrication of photonic and electronic structures and devices has directed the manufacturing industry for the last 50 years. Currently, the majority of small-scale photonic devices are created by traditional microfabrication techniques that create features by processes such as lithography and electron or ion beam direct writing. Microfabrication techniques are often expensive and slow. In contrast, the use of electrospinning (ES) in the fabrication of microand nano-scale devices for the manipulation of photons and electrons provides a relatively simple and economic viable alternative. ES involves the delivery of a polymer solution to a capillary held at a high voltage relative to the fiber deposition surface. Electrostatic force developed between the collection plate and the polymer promotes fiber deposition onto the collection plate. Issues with ES fabrication exist primarily due to an instability region that exists between the capillary and collection plate and is characterized by chaotic motion of the depositing polymer fiber. Material limitations to ES also exist; not all polymers of interest are amenable to the ES process due to process dependencies on molecular weight and chain entanglement or incompatibility with other polymers and overall process compatibility. Passive and active electronic and photonic fibers fabricated through the ES have great potential for use in light generation and collection in optical and electronic structures/ devices. ES produces fiber devices that can be combined with inorganic, metallic, biological, or organic materials for novel device design. Synergistic material selection and postprocessing techniques are also utilized for broad-ranging applications of organic nanofibers that span from biological to electronic, photovoltaic, or photonic. As the ability to electrospin optically and/or electronically active materials in a controlled manner continues to improve, the complexity and diversity of devices fabricated from this process can be expected to grow rapidly and provide an alternative to traditional resource-intensive fabrication techniques.

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“…Light was injected into the waveguide and propagated to the disk were light remains confined at the edges of the disk. The strong bend implies a large evanescent field in the surrounding medium, which can be exploited for evanescent coupling towards sub-micronic or micronic structures [26] or for species detection [16]. …”

Section: Optical Characterizations Of the Transportable Waveguiding Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two approaches are mainly developed for their fabrication. The first one is based on lithographic processes, mainly e-beam lithography and scanning probe lithography, such as scanning electrochemical lithography [15], scanning near-field optical lithography [16], or nano-imprint strategies [17]. All these methods make it possible to elaborate nanowires directly onto the photonic chip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transferable Integrated Optical SU8 Devices: From Micronic Waveguides to 1D-Nanostructures

et al. 2015

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Abstract:We report on optical components for integrated optics applications at the micro-and nanoscale. Versatile shapes and dimensions are achievable due to the liquid phase processability of SU8 resist. On the one hand, by adjusting the UV-lithography process, waveguiding structures are patterned and released from their original substrate. They can be replaced on any other substrate and also immerged in liquid wherein they still show off efficient light confinement. On the other hand, filled and hollow 1D-nanostructures are achievable by the wetting template method. By exploiting the large range of available SU8 viscosities, nanowires of diameter ranging between 50 nm and 240 nm, as well as nanotubes of controllable wall thickness are presented. Optical injection, propagation, and coupling in such nanostructures are relevant for highly integrated devices.

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Near-field optical lithography of a conjugated polymer

Cited by 113 publications

References 29 publications

Efficient light confinement with nanostructured optical microfiber tips

Efficient light confinement with nanostructured optical microfiber tips

Electrospinning for nano- to mesoscale photonic structures

Transferable Integrated Optical SU8 Devices: From Micronic Waveguides to 1D-Nanostructures

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