Near Field Characteristics of Landslide Generated  Impulse Waves

Fritz, Hermann M.; Hager, Willi H.; Minor, Hans-Erwin

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-950x(2004)130:6(287)

Cited by 275 publications

(284 citation statements)

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“…The second crest after 48 s represents the wave reflection from the head wall. Various empirical and theoretical predictive relationships for the landslide-generated tsunami amplitude were compared with the Lituya Bay benchmark experiment [Fritz et al, 2004]. The solutions by Hall and Watts [1953] and Synolakis [1986Synolakis [ , 1987 for solitary wave runup on impermeable slopes match the experimentally measured wave runup and the observed elevation of forest destruction in Lituya Bay with predictions of R = 526 m and R = 493 m based on experimentally measured incident wave parameters H = 162 m and h = 122 m [Fritz et al, 2001].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid modeling of the mega‐tsunami runup in Lituya Bay after half a century

Weiss

Fritz

Wünnemann

2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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The largest mega‐tsunami dates back half a century to 10 July 1958, when almost unnoticed by the general public, an earthquake of Mw 8.3 at the Fairweather Fault triggered a rockslide into Lituya Bay. The rockslide impact generated a giant tsunami at the head of Lituya Bay resulting in an unprecedented tsunami runup of 524 m on a spur ridge in direct prolongation of the slide axis. A forest trim line and erosion down to bedrock mark the largest runup in recorded history. While these observations have not been challenged directly, they have been largely ignored in hazard mitigation studies, because of the difficulties of even posing – much less solving – a well‐defined physical problem for investigation. We study the mega‐tsunami runup with a hybrid modeling approach applying physical and numerical models of slide processes of deformable bodies into a U‐shaped trench similar to the geometry found at Lituya Bay.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid modeling of the mega‐tsunami runup in Lituya Bay after half a century

Weiss

Fritz

Wünnemann

2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…To obtain the underlying empirical equations, the slide characteristics have been systematically varied in a number of subaerial landslide studies. This includes a substantial body of research conducted in wave channels (2D) (Noda, 1970;Wiegel et al, 1970;Kamphuis and Bowering, 1972;Slingerland and Voight, 1979;Huber and Hager, 1997;Monaghan et al, 2003;Walder et al, 2003;Fritz et al, 2004;Quecedo et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2005;Lynett and Liu, 2005;Zweifel et al, 2006;Ataie-Ashtiani and Nik-Khah, 2008;Heller et al, 2008;Abadie et al, 2010;Heller and Hager, 2010Fuchs et al, 2013;Heller andSpinneken, 2013, 2015) with fewer studies undertaken in wave basins (3D) (Huber and Hager, 1997;Panizzo et al, 2005;Mohammed and Fritz, 2012;Heller and Spinneken, 2015). All of the above studies are based on idealisations including a horizontal bottom, a fully-granular or fully-rigid slide, as well as wave generation and propagation in either 2D or 3D.…”

Section: Hazard Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite modelling of subaerial landslide–tsunamis in different water body geometries and novel insight into slide and wave kinematics

Heller

Bruggemann

Spinneken

et al. 2016

Coastal Engineering

120

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.uk 05.01.2016, accepted for publication in Coastal Engineering 109(3), 20-41 (doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2015

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“…This is reflected in the large number of generic studies investigating subaerial landslide-tsunamis in 2D such as Noda (1970), Wiegel et al (1970), Kamphuis and Bowering (1972), Slingerland and Voight (1979), Huber and Hager (1997), Monaghan et al (2003), Walder et al (2003), Fritz et al (2004), Quecedo et al (2004), Liu et al (2005), Lynett and Liu (2005), Panizzo et al (2005), Zweifel et al (2006), Ataie-Ashtiani and Nik-Khah (2008), Heller et al (2008), Saelevik et al (2009), Abadie et al (2010), Hager (2010, 2011), Fuchs et al (2013) and Heller and Spinneken (2013). The number of generic studies conducted in 3D is considerably smaller, with Huber and Hager (1997), Liu et al (2005), Panizzo et al (2005) and Mohammed and Fritz (2012) as main contributors.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Six of the 2D tests were repeated twice to confirm the repeatability of the experimental setup. The tests programme was designed to vary the dimensional parameters in wide ranges and to include all four wave types Stokes-, cnoidal-, solitary-and bore-like waves as described in Heller and Hager (2011) and similar wave type classifications (Noda, 1970;Fritz et al, 2004;Zweifel et al, 2006). The test programme included three slides ( …”

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confidence: 99%

On the effect of the water body geometry on landslide–tsunamis: Physical insight from laboratory tests and 2D to 3D wave parameter transformation

Heller

Spinneken

2015

Coastal Engineering

108

114

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Heller, Valentin and Spinneken, Johannes (2015) On the effect of the water body geometry on landslidetsunamis: physical insight from laboratory tests and 2D to 3D wave parameter transformation. Coastal Engineering, Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34071/1/On%20the%20effect%20of%20the%20water %20body%20geometry%20on%20landslide-tsunamis%20updated%20for %20ResearchGate.pdf Copyright and reuse:The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. This article is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives licence and may be reused according to the conditions of the licence. For more details see: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.uk Accepted for publication in Coastal Engineering 104(10), 113-134 (doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2015.06.006 Abstract: Preliminary landslide-tsunami hazard assessment is commonly based on empirical equations derived from wave channel (2D) or wave basin (3D) experiments. The far-field wave in 2D can easily be an order of magnitude larger than in 3D. The present study systematically investigates the effect of the water body geometry on the wave characteristics in the near-and far-field. Subaerial landslide-tsunami tests were conducted relying upon both a 2D and a 3D physical model, undertaken with identical boundary conditions. The test parameters included two water depths, three rigid slides, as well as various slide release positions. Empirical equations for 3D offshore and laterally onshore wave properties are presented and compared with previous work. A direct comparison of the wave features reveals that the waves decay in 2D, 3D onshore and 3D offshore with x −0.30 , r −0.67 and r −1.0 , where x (2D) and r (3D) describe the distance from the impact zone. In 2D four wave types are observed, whereas only the two least non-linear types were observed in 3D. This finding is further analysed with wavelet spectra. For a large slide Froude number F, relative slide 2 thickness S and relative slide mass M, the 3D wave heights in the slide impact zone can be as large as in 2D. However, for small F, S and M, the 3D waves are considerably smaller both in the near-and far-field. A novel method is presented and validated to transform data from 2D studies to 3D. This method may have favourable implications on preliminary landslidetsunami hazard assessment.Keywords: Hazard assessment; Impulse wave; Landslide-tsunami; Physical modeling; Water waves; Wave generation. Introduction OverviewLandslide-tsunamis are generated by mass m...

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Near Field Characteristics of Landslide Generated Impulse Waves

Cited by 275 publications

References 40 publications

Hybrid modeling of the mega‐tsunami runup in Lituya Bay after half a century

Hybrid modeling of the mega‐tsunami runup in Lituya Bay after half a century

Composite modelling of subaerial landslide–tsunamis in different water body geometries and novel insight into slide and wave kinematics

On the effect of the water body geometry on landslide–tsunamis: Physical insight from laboratory tests and 2D to 3D wave parameter transformation

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