Near Complete Protection Against Covid-19 in a Section of Population: Implication of Lockdown on Development of Passive Vaccination to Counter SARS-CoV-2 Attack

Abstract

COVID-19 is fast spreading around the globe in a highly contagious manner. Until date there are no therapeutic agents/vaccines developed which could control this highly infectious virus from spreading among human population. During early stage of COVID-19, stringent Lockdown was implemented throughout India on 25 March, 2020. Our earlier findings reflected that early introduction of complete Lockdown significantly controlled the spread of COVID-19 in the population immediately after Lockdown. It was hypothesized that immune response was responsible for the control of the spread of COVID-19. To further evaluate the role of immune response/passive vaccination, data from COVID-19 positive/recovered individuals in eight states were assessed for the month of December, 2020. The results from our study reflect that in all the eight states, there was marked decrease in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases after Lockdown, with one region recording no COVID-19 cases. All the states studied had very low number of active cases; the minimum number being two even after such a long period from the start of this disease. A negative correlation between number of recovered individuals and number of active cases of COVID-19 was noted. Here we hypothesize that passive immunization may have played a significant role in controlling SARS-CoV-2. It could be inferred from this study that implementation of prolonged Lockdown was able attenuate the virus and create an environment for the development of passive immunity in the section of population studied.

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“…Following the end of complete Lockdown on 31 May, 2020, the Lockdown was gradually relaxed in a phased manner of 'one month' with some restrictions being maintained in some sensitive COVID-19 'pockets' in the population. The implementation of Lockdown had a positive impact on limiting the progression of COVID-19 in the entire population [3][4][5][6][7][8], with no cases in Lakshadweep until December, 2020.…”

Rapid fall in Active cases of COVID-19 in Indian Territory of Lakshadweep Further Confirmed the Existence of A Long Term Non-Specific Immunity in the Population that protected against Severe COVID-19 with decreased Mortality

“…2020, the Lockdown was gradually relaxed in a phased manner of 'one month' with some restrictions being maintained in some sensitive 'COVID-19 pockets' in the population. The implementation of Lockdown had a positive impact on limiting the progression of COVID-19 in the entire population [1][2][3][4][5][6] , with no cases being recorded in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep until December, 2020. The first case of COVID-19 was recorded in later part of January, 2021.…”

“…In that context, it was noted that some populations are more vulnerable to the SARS-CoV-2 virus resulting in high mortality from COVID-19. In a series of papers, we have demonstrated earlier that populations having prior immunization with different pathological microbes had a profound effect on the spread of COVID-19 in the Indian population [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . In our recent study with data from a cluster of eight states, showed a marked decrease in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases following Lockdown with the exception of Union Territory of Lakshadweep, where no confirmed cases of COVID-19 was recorded until December, 2021.…”

Comparison of Postprandial Plasma Glucoses and HbA1C Values Collected via Finger-Piercing and Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensor Collection Methods over a 3+ Year Period Based on GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 493)

“…In context of our study, the conclusion could plausibly be drawn that probably there were other immunological factors which were behind the lower number of covid-19 cases in the Indian population. Our previous studies reflected that in spite of initial volatility in the number of covid-19 cases following complete lockdown, the percent change of covid-19 cases stabilised from the second week of May 2020 and we had concluded that the Indian population could be having protective immunity against covid-19 [1][2][3][4][5][6]. We postulated that lockdown induced passive entry of the live attenuated virus into the subject, was able to actively generate immune response in the host but was unable to cause substantial fatality from covid-19 (6).…”

“…In a series of papers, we have shown that a) evaluating the percent change of covid-19 in the popula-tion was a better way to assess the progression and alternation, if any, in the spread of covid-19 in a population; b) implementation of timely lockdown in the entire country controlled the spread of covid-19 that was reflected in increased doubling time of covid-19 in the population; c) due to timely implementation of lockdown, there was gradual slowing down in the rate of covid-19 & d) due to timely implementation of lockdown, there was significant increase in recovery from covid-19. The data plausibly reflected that there was an emergence of protective immunity against sars-cov-2 in the population due to implementation of lockdown [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Based on the available data, it was hypothesized that in the population there was existence of prior immunity to related/unrelated pathogens, which cross, reacted with the novel sars-cov-2 virus and provided protection against development of serious covid-19.…”