NDRG2 down-regulation and CD24 up-regulation promote tumor aggravation and poor survival in patients with gallbladder carcinoma

Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated that N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) may reduce the metastatic potential of breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the expression of CD24, which is expressed in a large variety of solid tumors. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical value of NDRG2 and CD24 expression in primary gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). One hundred and thirty GBC tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for NDRG2 and CD24 expression. The associations of NDRG2 and CD24 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics and the overall survival of patients with GBC were analyzed. NDRG2 and CD24 were positively expressed in 49/130 (37.69%) and 107/130 (82.31%) of GBC tissues, respectively. In addition, the tumors with the down-regulation of NDRG2 and the up-regulation of CD24 more frequently had lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular invasion. Moreover, the tumors with the down-regulation of NDRG2 and the up-regulation of CD24 tended to show deeper invasion depth and higher TNM stage. There was a negative correlation between NDRG2 expression and CD24 expression in GBC tissues (r = -0.86, P < 0.001). The patients with NDRG2 negative expression correlated with poor prognosis of GBC (P = 0.01), as opposed to CD24 (P = 0.01). The survival rate of the patients with NDRG2-/CD24+ expression was the lowest (P < 0.001), and conjoined expression of NDRG2-/CD24+ was an independent prognostic indicator of GBC (P = 0.003). Our data suggest that NDRG2 down-regulation or CD24 up-regulation is an important feature of GBC. A combined detection of NDRG2/CD24 co-expression may benefit us in prediction of the prognosis in GBC.

Membranous CD24 expression as detected by the monoclonal antibody SWA11 is a prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer patients

“…In patients with gallbladder carcinoma, tumors with up-regulation of CD24 revealed lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular invasion more frequently. Moreover, up-regulation of CD24 tended to show deeper invasion depth and higher TNM stage [ 13 ]. Together, these findings support CD24 as a prognostic marker for carcinoma progression and poorer survival.…”

FXR Controls the Tumor Suppressor NDRG2 and FXR Agonists Reduce Liver Tumor Growth and Metastasis in an Orthotopic Mouse Xenograft Model

“…Furthermore, reduced NDRG2 expression was published in high-risk adenoma, colorectal carcinoma [27]–[30], glioblastoma [31] thyroid cancer [32], esophageal cancer [33] renal cancer [34], gallbladder carcinoma [35] and breast cancer [36].…”

Low NDRG2 expression predicts poor prognosis in solid tumors

“…[ 18 ] Among all study cohorts, 2 evaluated colorectal cancer, [ 20 , 26 ] breast cancer, [ 24 , 31 ] and renal cell carcinoma, [ 27 , 28 ] and single studies focused on hepatocellular carcinoma, [ 21 ] cholangiocarcinoma, [ 22 ] prostate cancer, [ 25 ] gastric carcinomas, [ 23 ] pancreatic cancer, [ 18 ] lung cancer, [ 30 ] and gallbladder carcinoma. [ 29 ] The sample size ranged from 60 to 316. All included cohorts reported data on OS, [ 18 , 20 – 31 ] and 5 of them including 919 patients also provided the data on DFS.…”