NDM‐Type Carbapenemases in Gram‐Negative Rods

Population structure and pangenome analysis of Enterobacter bugandensis uncover the presence ofblaCTX-M-55,blaNDM-5andblaIMI-1, along with sophisticated iron acquisition strategies

“…The bla NDM-5 gene encodes one of the most clinically-relevant carbapenemases and has been previously reported within IncX plasmids in Escherichia coli [42]. The protein encoded by bla NDM-5 differs by only two amino acids from that encoded by bla NDM-1 (Val88Leu and Met154Leu) [43] and confers a broad-spectrum hydrolytic activity against penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems (except monobactams) [44]. In an elegant study, Ali et al (2018) showed that the hydrolytic activity of NDM-5 is stronger than that of NDM-1, −4, −6 and −7, exhibiting a four-fold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration of imipenem and meropenem when compared to NDM-1 [45].…”

Detection of NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Sohag University Hospital, Upper Egypt

“…New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1(NDM-1) is one of the most recent and important carbapenemases. It belongs to class B enzymes of the Ambler classification which require the presence of zinc for their activity (so referred to as Metallo-β-lactamases, MBL) 1 . It was firstly isolated from a Swedish patient who acquired the organism in New Delhi, India 2 .…”

β LACTA test for rapid detection of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins from positive blood cultures using briefly incubated solid medium cultures

“…Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS allows rapid identification directly either from the positive blood culture sample (Opota et al, 2015) or after 2-4 h subculturing on solid medium, with a 97.6 % success rate for the latter (Idelevich et al, 2014a;Verroken et al, 2015). Rapid methods, including the MALDI-TOF MS technology (Oviaño et al, 2014) or chromogenic tests (Dortet et al, 2015), have been developed to detect extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) production in Enterobacteriaceae directly from positive blood cultures. Nonetheless, these methods require time-consuming sample preparation protocols, including haemolysis and centrifugation steps (Dortet et al, 2015;Oviaño et al, 2014).…”

“…Rapid methods, including the MALDI-TOF MS technology (Oviaño et al, 2014) or chromogenic tests (Dortet et al, 2015), have been developed to detect extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) production in Enterobacteriaceae directly from positive blood cultures. Nonetheless, these methods require time-consuming sample preparation protocols, including haemolysis and centrifugation steps (Dortet et al, 2015;Oviaño et al, 2014).…”

“…When focusing on ESBL-producing bacteria, the b LACTA test had a sensitivity of 100 %, a specificity (Defourny et al, 2014). Similarly, the ESBL Nordmann/Dortet/Poirel test allows the detection of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae directly from blood culture samples within 30 min (Dortet et al, 2015). However, both methods require several steps, including lysis of blood cells and centrifugation steps, which result in additional processing costs and are not easily integrated in the routine workflow.…”