NC100150 injection, a preparation of optimized iron oxide nanoparticles for positive‐contrast MR angiography

Abstract

A preparation of monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles with an oxidized starch coating, currently in clinical trials (NC100150 Injection; CLARISCAN™), was characterized by magnetization measurements, relaxometry, and photon correlation spectroscopy. By combining the results with a measure of iron content, one can obtain the size and magnetic attributes of the iron cores, including the relevant correlation times for outer sphere relaxation (SO and D), and information about the interaction of the organic coating with both core and solvent. The results are 6.43 nm for the iron oxide core diameter, a magnetic moment of 4.38 10 17 erg/G, and a water-penetrable coating region of oxidized oligomeric starch fragments and entrained water molecules. The latter extends the hydrodynamic diameter to 11.9 nm and lowers the average diffusivity of solvent about 64% (which increases D accordingly). The nanopar-ticles show little size-polydispersity, evidenced by the lowest value of r 2 /r 1 at 20 MHz reported to date, an asset for magnetic resonance angiography. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2000;11:488-494.

Evaluation of nonperfused myocardial ischemia with MRI and an intravascular USPIO contrast agent in an ex vivo pig model

“…The iron oxide core has a diameter of 6.43 nm diameter and a saturation magnetization of 86.1 emu/g Fe. At 0.47 T and 40°C, the r1 and r2 values are 21.8 and 35.3 mM Ϫ1 s Ϫ1 , respectively (14). The average blood half-life of NC100150 Injection at different doses up to 5 mg Fe/kg b.w.…”

In vitro studies on ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with gummic acid for T2 MRI contrast agent

“…2 The prepared suspensions of coated magnetic nanoparticles have recently been the focus of intensive research not only for the study of the physics of magnetism in the nanometer scale, 3 but also for the use of ferrofluids in many technological and biomedical applications such as technical heating processes, media contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging ͑MRI͒, and as therapeutic agents for RF-magnetic hyperthermia. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Specifically, MRI contrast agents are chemical substances introduced to the anatomical or functional region being imaged, in order to increase the differences between different tissues or between normal and abnormal tissue, by altering the relaxation times. MRI contrast agents are classified according to the different changes in relaxation times after their injection.…”

“…Their plasma half-life could increase therefore they remain in the blood long enough to act as blood-pool agents for magnetic resonance angiography ͑MRA͒. 10 In comparison with other MRI contrast agents, USPIOs exhibit lower relaxivities which lead to a higher contrast on T2-weighted images.…”

Effect of NC100150 injection on the1H NMR linewidth of human whole blood ex vivo: Dependency on blood oxygen tension

“…NC100150 injection is a superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent that is currently in clinical trials as an intravascular agent for MRA (4,15). Unlike the Gd 3ϩ -chelates currently in clinical use, NC100150 injection is confined to the intravascular space for an extended blood half-life, allowing for steady-state imaging conditions.…”