NBT-Pluronic F-127 Hydrogels Printed on Flat Textiles as UV Radiation Sensors

Sąsiadek, Elżbieta; Jaszczak, Malwina; Skwarek, Joanna; Kozicki, Marek

doi:10.3390/ma14123435

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The dose sensitivity of the dosimeter irradiated with UVB derived from the lower linear dose range is 2.2 and 17.6 times higher than for UVA and UVC, respectively, and derived from the higher linear dose range is 17.6 times and 140 times greater than for UVA and UVC, respectively. TBO–Pluronic F–127 is more sensitive to UVB radiation (1.43 ± 0.06 cm 2 /J) than other 3D UV dosimeters, such as LCV–Pluronic F–127 (−1.34 ± 0.15 cm 2 /J [ 21 ]) and NBT–Pluronic F–127 (0.069 ± 0.001 cm 2 /J [ 18 ]), less sensitive to UVB than LMG-Pluronic (42.85 ± 1.53 cm 2 /J [ 20 ]) and similarly sensitive to UVB as TTC–Pluronic F–127 (1.48 ± 0.06 cm 2 /J [ 20 ]), which is the most sensitive to UVA radiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, many sensors and dosimeters of UV radiation have been elaborated. These are, in particular, one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) systems, such as photodiodes and actinometers [ 4 ]; liquid crystal mixtures; solutions of photoluminescent dyes [ 5 , 6 ]; inorganic materials [ 7 ]; biological dosimeters based on polymers containing bacterial spores [ 8 ]; vegetative bacteria [ 9 ] and DNA fragments of bacteriophages [ 10 ]; as well as chemical dosimeters, including 2D polymer films containing radiation-sensitive compounds such as tetrazolium salts [ 11 , 12 ], polydiacetylenes [ 12 ] or triphenylmethane dyes [ 13 ]; and systems based on the surface modification of flat textiles with radiation-sensitive compounds by textiles padding [ 14 , 15 , 16 ] or screen-printing [ 17 , 18 ]. However, the 1D and 2D dosimeters enable measurements in a point or a plane, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported 3D compositions are those composed of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and poly(vinyl alcohol) [ 19 ] as well as those containing a poly(ethylene oxide)- block -poly(propylene oxide)- block -poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F–127) matrix and UV-radiation-sensitive compounds such as leuco malachite green (LMG) [ 20 ], tetrazolium salts (nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)) [ 18 , 20 ], as well as leuco crystal violet (LCV) [ 21 ]. The use of a Pluronic F–127 gel matrix ensures high transparency and thermal stability of dosimeters [ 20 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discolouring 3D Gel Dosimeter for UV Dose Distribution Measurements

2022

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This work reports on a new TBO‒Pluronic F‒127 three-dimensional (3D) gel dosimeter for UV light dose distribution measurements. The optimal gel composition was found to be 60 µM Toluidine Blue O (TBO), which acts as a UV-sensitive compound; 5% w/w hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is necessary for initiation of TBO photodegradation and 25% w/w poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F‒127), which forms a physical gel matrix. The dosimeter becomes discoloured when exposed to UV radiation and a discolouration is the more intense, the higher the absorbed dose is. The samples after irradiation with UVA, UVB and UVC radiation were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to obtain the basic dose–response characteristic of the dosimeter, including dose sensitivity, linear and dynamic dose range, threshold dose, stability over time and dose–response for fractioned and non-fractioned doses. Additionally, the TBO‒Pluronic F‒127 gel dosimeter was investigated for spatial stability and the ability to measure the dose distribution of UV radiation. The results obtained indicate that the TBO‒Pluronic F‒127 dosimeter is a promising UV sensor and 2D/3D UV dosimeter.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discolouring 3D Gel Dosimeter for UV Dose Distribution Measurements

2022

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“…Therefore, various measurement methods related to the assessment of harmful radiation doses are used, e.g., electronic meters and photodiodes [ 16 ], photodiodes and actinometers [ 17 ], sensors based on inorganic materials [ 18 ], solutions of photoluminescent dyes and liquid crystal mixtures [ 19 , 20 ] or biological dosimeters [ 21 ]. In addition to such solutions, dosimeters with radiation-sensitive compounds that change color under exposure to UV radiation can also be used, e.g., 1D polymer tablets [ 22 ] and 2D flat polymer films doped with tetrazolium salts [ 23 ], as well as 2D flexible flat textile modified with gels on the surface [ 24 , 25 , 26 ] or printed [ 27 , 28 ] and doped with 10,12–pentacosadiyonic acid polyacrylonitrile fibres [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of NBT–Pluronic F–127 Gels as 1D UV Radiation Dosimeters for Measurement of Artificial Light Sources

2022

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This work reports on radiochromic dosimeters for 1D UV light measurements. The dosimeter is composed of a 25% Pluronic F–127 that forms a physical gel matrix and nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) as a radiation-sensitive compound. This dosimeter was exposed to UVA, UVB and UVC radiation, and the radiochromic reactions were followed with reflectance spectrophotometry including changes in light reflectance and color coordinates in the CIELAB color system. The exposition of dosimeters to all UV radiation caused color changes from pale yellow to dark violet, and its intensity increased with increasing absorbed dose. The effects of NBT concentration and UV radiation type on the dose–response of the dosimeters were also examined. The results obtained reveal that the dosimeters are the least sensitive to irradiation with UVC and the most sensitive to irradiation with UVB (e.g., dosimeter with 2 g/dm3 of NBT was characterized by the following parameters: the threshold dose 0.1 J/cm2; the dose sensitivity −5.97 ± 0.69 cm2/J; the linear dose range 0.1–2.5 J/cm2; the dynamic dose range was equal to 0.1–3 J/cm2). The results obtained reveal that the NBT–Pluronic F–127 dosimeters can be potentially useful as 1D sensors for artificial UV radiation sources measurements.

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“…The most suitable choice was the use of thin films based on different polymers [ 23 , 24 ]. Numerous researches and publications have reported the investigation of polyamide-6, polyvinyl alcohol and polystyrene films dopped with various dyes, in the detection of various types of radiation [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Characterization and Valuable Use of Novel Dosimeter Film Based on PVA Polymer Doped Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Dye and AgNO3 for the Accurate Detection of Low X-ray Doses

et al. 2021

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Currently, the uncontrolled exposure of individuals to X-rays during medical examinations represents a substantial danger that threatens both medical professionals and patients. Therefore, radiation dosimetry for low X-ray doses is a very important control of radiation practice in medical diagnostic radiology. In line with this, the current study proposes a valuable dosimeter-based PVA thin film doubly doped with silver nitrate salt and nitro blue tetrazolium dye. The nanocomposite film was prepared via a simple casting method and the different processing parameters were optimized. The performance of radiation detection was evaluated according to optical, chromic, chemical and structural changes after exposure to variable low X-ray doses (0, 2, 4, 10 and 20 mGy). The different film labels exhibited an excellent stability behavior in dark and light upon 30 days of storage. The UV-Vis spectrophotometric study showed a gradual increase in the maximum absorbance as a function of the dose and the corresponding response curve confirmed this linear variation (R = 0.998). A clear structural modification was recorded via X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealing the increase in crystallinity with the level of the dose received by the nanocomposite films. Microscopic surface analysis via SEM assessments revealed a significant morphological change in PVA/Ag+/NBT films exposed to increased radiation doses and typical dendrites growing in needle- or tree-like microstructures appeared with a high X-ray dose. Finally, the nanocomposite films before and after irradiation were evaluated via a spectrocolorimetric study and the different CIELab coordinates, the color difference, as well as the color strength, showed a linear correlation with the intensity of the applied dose. This new dosimeter design could, therefore, provide a promising and efficient alternative for prompt and accurate detection of low X-rays doses in diagnostic radiology.

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NBT-Pluronic F-127 Hydrogels Printed on Flat Textiles as UV Radiation Sensors

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Discolouring 3D Gel Dosimeter for UV Dose Distribution Measurements

Discolouring 3D Gel Dosimeter for UV Dose Distribution Measurements

Study of NBT–Pluronic F–127 Gels as 1D UV Radiation Dosimeters for Measurement of Artificial Light Sources

Development, Characterization and Valuable Use of Novel Dosimeter Film Based on PVA Polymer Doped Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Dye and AgNO3 for the Accurate Detection of Low X-ray Doses

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