Nazi Germany and the Mountain Jews: Was There a Policy?

Feferman, Kiril

doi:10.1093/hgs/dcm005

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The wide and dimension of this phenomenon is very widely that some thinkers reckon as greatest and important of human contemporary occurrence. Hussein Bashiriah believe that globalization is comprehensive context that include vital and important global transformation in ground of technology, economy, politics, communications and culture [1]. Indeed globalization will be wondrous effect in political arena of human life and transformation of it.…”

Section: Preludementioning

confidence: 99%

Globalization and States Political Management in Outlook of Neo-realism Paradigm

Salehiniya¹

2017

J Pol Sci Pub Aff

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Globalization effected and will be wondrous in all human life aspects. Purpose of this article is bring up and analyses of globalization effects on states political management. Technology extent and human genius in late decades cause that informatics revolution and extend of satellite and internet networks, international economic rising, international organization and codification of international rights world relation become increased and easily. This research inverse of prevalent theories that believes with beginning of globalization process, political management of national states become instable and ultimate fade, with emphasis of neo-realists theories and too case study of authoritarian countries and united states of America in political arena believe that now states are important actors in international arena and in near future cannot imagine globalization without states sovereignty and management. In this research sovereignty is consider as management and compilation method is documentary and library.

show abstract

Section: Preludementioning

confidence: 99%

Globalization and States Political Management in Outlook of Neo-realism Paradigm

Salehiniya¹

2017

J Pol Sci Pub Aff

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These groups included, among others, the Karaites and the Krymchaks in the Crimea (who had lived in the region at least since the fourteenth century). The Karaites in the Crimea managed to survive, in the first case by appealing directly to the German occupiers, the Krymchaks in the Crimea failed to convince the Germans that they were not Jews and were murdered [30]. The first communities of Mountain Jews captured by the Germans in the Caucasus, at the end of August 1942, were two collective farms in Bogdanovka and Menzhinskoe (Stavropol Krai), in which the Mountain Jews constituted a significant portion of the entire Jewish membership.…”

Section: History and Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first communities of Mountain Jews captured by the Germans in the Caucasus, at the end of August 1942, were two collective farms in Bogdanovka and Menzhinskoe (Stavropol Krai), in which the Mountain Jews constituted a significant portion of the entire Jewish membership. In the first stages of the occupation of the Caucasus, the Germans also came across rural settlements in which Mountain Jews and Ashkenazi Jews lived together [30]. The Nazis viewed the two ethnic groups as one community since they lived together.…”

Section: History and Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nazis viewed the two ethnic groups as one community since they lived together. The first documented massacre of Mountain Jews took place outside the borders of the North Caucasus, in the Shaumian Kolkhoz in the Crimea, most of whose members were Mountain Jews settled in the Crimea under the aegis of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee [30]. Arad estimates that about 1,000 Mountain Jews perished during the Holocaust.…”

Section: History and Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…German policy towards the Mountain Jews in larger North Caucasian centers during the intermediate months of the occupation was characterized by edicts such as that mandating forced labor, "measures" that elsewhere often preceded their murder. However, in the North Caucasus these instructions were not rigorously enforced by the Germans, and eventually they were softened or abandoned entirely [30]. It was in this period, which evidently started in November 1942, that a dispute regarding the Jewishness of the Mountain Jews arose.…”

Section: History and Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Mountain Jews in Post-Soviet Caucasus: Reconstructing Ethnic Identification and Political Orientation

Grebennikov¹

2015

J Pol Sci Pub Aff

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nazi Germany and the Karaites in 1938–1944: between racial theory andRealpolitik

Feferman¹

2011

Natl. pap.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article explores the policies of Nazi Germany towards the Karaites, a group of Jewish ancestry which emerged during the seventh to the ninth centuries CE, when its followers rejected the mainstream Jewish interpretation of Tanakh. Karaite communities flourished in Persia, Turkey, Egypt, Crimea, and Lithuania. From 1938 to 1944, the Nazi bureaucracy and scholarship examined the question of whether the Karaites were of Jewish origin, practiced Judaism and had to be treated as Jews. Because of its proximity to Judenpolitik and later to the Muslim factor, the subject got drawn into the world of Nazi grand policy and became the instrument of internecine power struggles between various agencies in Berlin. The Muslim factor in this context is construed as German cultivation of a special relationship with the Muslim world with an eye to political dividends in the Middle East and elsewhere. Nazi views of the Karaites’ racial origin and religion played a major role in their policy towards the group. However, as the tides of the war turned against the Germans, various Nazi agencies demonstrated growing flexibility either to re-tailor the Karaites’ racial credentials or to entirely gloss over them in the name of “national interests,” i.e. a euphemism used to disguise Nazi Germany's overtures to the Muslim world.

show abstract

Nazi Germany and the Mountain Jews: Was There a Policy?

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Globalization and States Political Management in Outlook of Neo-realism Paradigm

Globalization and States Political Management in Outlook of Neo-realism Paradigm

The Mountain Jews in Post-Soviet Caucasus: Reconstructing Ethnic Identification and Political Orientation

Nazi Germany and the Karaites in 1938–1944: between racial theory andRealpolitik

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About