Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and association with pregnancy outcome

Tierson, Forrest D.; Olsen, Carolyn L.; Hook, Ernest B.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(86)90337-6

Cited by 127 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…We were able to confirm the findings of previous authors that there is no significant relation between symp toms of pregnancy sickness and pre-eclamptic toxaemia in the current pregnancy [6,9,11], pregnancy weight gain [2,3], the sex of the baby [1,2,12] or the birth weight of the baby [2,9] (table 1, 2). This is in contrast with the findings of low birth weight babies in hyperemesis gravi darum, particularly severe hyperemesis [4,13], The present study confirms the significant relation between pregnancy nausea in the current pregnancy and the occurrence of pregnancy sickness in previous pregnan cies [9] (table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In previous papers relating pregnancy sickness to other pregnancy-associated factors, results have depended on dividing women into groups either with the presence or absence of symptoms [1,2], or with other methods for grading the severity of symptoms [3][4][5][6]. As we have shown in a previous article [7], there is such a great varia tion in the severity of pregnancy sickness symptoms in every pregnancy that the assessment of these symptoms as a continuous variable is preferable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy Nausea Related to Women’s Obstetric and Personal Histories

Gadsby

Barnie-Adshead²,

Jagger

1997

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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We report the correlation between total hours of nausea in early pregnancy, as a continuous variable, and various factors in women’s obstetric and personal histories. Positive correlations for increased nausea were found with heavier placentae (p = 0.005), non-smoking status (p = 0.004), women with nausea in previous pregnancies (p = 0.005), and women whose mothers experienced trouble with nausea in their pregnancies (p = 0.001). 17 other factors did not relate to pregnancy nausea at the p < 0.01 level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy Nausea Related to Women’s Obstetric and Personal Histories

Gadsby

Barnie-Adshead²,

Jagger

1997

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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“…However, counter-intuitively, nausea is more difficult to block pharmacologically than emesis (Morrow et al, 2002b), and nausea and vomiting can be dissociated experimentally by adjusting the stimulus intensity. Nausea and vomiting also occur separately in a number of clinical situations; for example, raised intracranial pressure induces emesis but is said to not be preceded by nausea (Lee and Feldman, 1993) and some cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and pregnant women may experience vomiting without nausea (Tierson et al, 1986;Miralbell et al, 1995). In animal studies LiCl and CCK do not always produce emesis even at high doses when malaise is suggested by behavioural (CFA) or physiological measures (elevated plasma vasopressin or oxytocin) (Rabin and Hunt, 1992;Billig et al, 2001;Smith et al, 2001a).…”

Section: Neural Circuitry For Nauseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Signals for nausea and emesis: Implications for models of upper gastrointestinal diseases

Andrews

Horn

2006

Autonomic Neuroscience

219

201

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Nausea and vomiting are amongst the most common symptoms encountered in medicine as either symptoms of diseases or side effects of treatments. In a more biological setting they are also important components of an organism's defences against ingested toxins. Identification of treatments for nausea and vomiting and reduction of emetic liability of new therapies has largely relied on the use of animal models, and although such models have proven invaluable in identification of the anti-emetic effects of both 5-hydroxytryptamine3 and neurokinin1 receptor antagonists selection of appropriate models is still a matter of debate. The present paper focuses on a number of controversial issues and gaps in our knowledge in the study of the physiology of nausea and vomiting including: The choice of species for the study of emesis and the underlying behavioural (e.g. neophobia), anatomical (e.g. elongated, narrow abdominal oesophagus with reduced ability to shorten) and physiological (e.g. brainstem circuitry) mechanisms that explain the lack of a vomiting reflex in certain species (e.g. rats); The choice of response to measure (emesis[retching and vomiting], conditioned flavour avoidance or aversion, ingestion of clay [pica], plasma hormone levels[e.g. vasopressin], gastric dysrhythmias) and the relationship of these responses to those observed in humans and especially to the sensation of nausea; The stimulus coding of nausea and emesis by abdominal visceral afferents and especially the vagus-how do the afferents encode information for normal postprandial sensations, nausea and finally vomiting?; Understanding the central processing of signals for nausea and vomiting is particularly problematic in the light of observations that vomiting is more readily amenable to pharmacological treatment than is nausea, despite the assumption that nausea represents "low" intensity activation of pathways that can evoke vomiting when stimulated more intensely.

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“…Morning sickness, the common term for these symptoms, is misleading since less than a third of women who experience nausea and vomiting during pregnancy report symptoms solely in the morning (Whitehead et al, 1992). Over 80% of all pregnant women experience nausea and over 50% report some degree of vomiting (Tierson et al, 1986). Findings from epidemiological studies evaluating the relationship between nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and various demographic variables have been contradictory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%