Nature’s Microfluidic Transporter: Rotational Cytoplasmic Streaming at High Péclet Numbers

Meent, Jan-Willem van de; Tuval, Idán; Goldstein, Raymond E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.101.178102

Cited by 45 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Under the assumptions (i) that the dominant contribution to the viscous dissipation rate per unit length inside the cell is localized at the indifferent zones, and therefore scales as U 2 independent of R and (ii) the power input by the molecular motors scales with the cellular circumference, and hence as R, one obtains the scaling U ∼ R 1/2 that has been observed (Pickard 1974). One might imagine that generalizing this calculation to the case of helical indifferent zones would lead only to a small quantitative change in the basic flow properties, but something more interesting happens because the cell is chiral van de Meent et al 2008); the lack of mirror symmetry leads to a distinction between the two indifferent zones, and in a plane orthogonal to the long axis of the cell there is a pair of vortices (figure 3c).…”

Section: Cytoplasmic Streamingmentioning

confidence: 78%

Batchelor Prize Lecture Fluid dynamics at the scale of the cell

Goldstein

2016

J. Fluid Mech.

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The world of cellular biology provides us with many fascinating fluid dynamical phenomena that lie at the heart of physiology, development, evolution and ecology. Advances in imaging, micromanipulation and microfluidics over the past decade have made possible high-precision measurements of such flows, providing tests of microhydrodynamic theories and revealing a wealth of new phenomena calling out for explanation. Here I summarize progress in four areas within the field of 'active matter': cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells, synchronization of eukaryotic flagella, interactions between swimming cells and surfaces and collective behaviour in suspensions of microswimmers. Throughout, I emphasize open problems in which fluid dynamical methods are key ingredients in an interdisciplinary approach to the mysteries of life.

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Section: Cytoplasmic Streamingmentioning

confidence: 78%

Batchelor Prize Lecture Fluid dynamics at the scale of the cell

Goldstein

2016

J. Fluid Mech.

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“…Although in all cases it is thought that flows are generated by the cytoskeleton-dependent action of motor proteins-kinesins translocating along microtubules or myosins moving on actin (10)-the precise biological significance of streaming flows has been unclear (11). Potential roles include distribution of nutrients in plants (12,13), where it has been suggested ( [14][15][16] that flows may contribute to mixing of cellular material in a way that would facilitate homeostasis (17), establishing the scale of the bicoid gradient in Drosophila embryos (18), asymmetric localization of the meiotic spindle in mammalian embryos (19), and development of the zygote (20). Yet, the relationship between the underlying motor activity and the observed flows is poorly understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoplasmic streaming in Drosophila oocytes varies with kinesin activity and correlates with the microtubule cytoskeleton architecture

Ganguly

Williams

Palacios

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Cells can localize molecules asymmetrically through the combined action of cytoplasmic streaming, which circulates their fluid contents, and specific anchoring mechanisms. Streaming also contributes to the distribution of nutrients and organelles such as chloroplasts in plants, the asymmetric position of the meiotic spindle in mammalian embryos, and the developmental potential of the zygote, yet little is known quantitatively about the relationship between streaming and the motor activity which drives it. Here we use Particle Image Velocimetry to quantify the statistical properties of Kinesin-dependent streaming during mid-oogenesis in Drosophila. We find that streaming can be used to detect subtle changes in Kinesin activity and that the flows reflect the architecture of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Furthermore, based on characterization of the rheology of the cytoplasm in vivo, we establish estimates of the number of Kinesins required to drive the observed streaming. Using this in vivo data as the basis of a model for transport, we suggest that the disordered character of transport at midoogenesis, as revealed by streaming, is an important component of the localization dynamics of the body plan determinant oskar mRNA.cytoplasmic viscosity | fluid dynamics | random transport | cellular asymmetries M otor proteins of the kinesin, myosin and dynein families transport molecules, organelles, and membrane vesicles along the cytoskeleton in order to organize cellular components for proper cell function. A striking example of motor dependent organization takes place when the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton of the Drosophila melanogaster oocyte is reorganized at midoogenesis to direct the asymmetric localization of the body-plan determinants bicoid, oskar, and gurken mRNAs (1). The polarized MT cytoskeleton, as well as Dynein and Kinesin-1, are required for positioning of the oocyte nucleus to a point at the anterior margin, defining the dorsal-ventral (DV) axis of the embryo by directing the accumulation and local translation of gurken mRNA to one side of the nucleus. Microtubules, Dynein, and Kinesin-1 are also essential for localization of bicoid and oskar mRNAs to the anterior (A) and posterior (P) poles of the oocyte, respectively, an essential step in determination of the AP axis of the embryo (1).

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“…It should work like a plants is driven by the motor protein myosin moving along actin filaments, arranged in helical structures at the cell periphery [91]. It may be possible that acoustic streaming is also involved in cyclosis and several other biological processes in plant hydraulics [67].…”

Section: Experiments?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Streaming, The “Small Invention” of Cianobacteria?

Koiller

Ehlers

Chalub

2010

Arbor

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RESUMEN: Los mecanismos de bombeo en microingeniería aparecieron al principio de la década de los 90. El principio detrás de esto es el de flujo acústico. ¿Ha descubierto laABSTRACT: Micro-engineering pumping devices without mechanical parts appeared "way back" in the early 1990's. The working principle is acoustic streaming. Has Nature "rediscovered" this invention 2.7 Gyr ago? Strands of marine cyanobacteria Synechococcus swim 25 diameters per second without any visible means of propulsion. We show that nanoscale amplitude vibrations on the S-layer (a crystalline shell outside the outer membrane present in motile strands) and frequencies of the order of 0.5-1.5 MHz (achievable by molecular motors), could produce steady streaming slip velocities outside a (Stokes) boundary layer. Inside this boundary layer the flow pattern is rotational (hence biologically advantageous). In addition to this purported "swimming by singing", we also indicate other possible instantiations of acoustic streaming. Sir James Lighthill has proposed that acoustic streaming occurs in the cochlear dynamics, and new findings on the outer hair cell membranes are suggestive. Other possibilities are membrane vibrations of yeast cells, enhancing its chemistry (beer and bread, keep it up, yeast!), squirming motion of red blood cells along capillaries, and fluid pumping by silicated diatoms.

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Nature’s Microfluidic Transporter: Rotational Cytoplasmic Streaming at High Péclet Numbers

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Batchelor Prize Lecture Fluid dynamics at the scale of the cell

Batchelor Prize Lecture Fluid dynamics at the scale of the cell

Cytoplasmic streaming in Drosophila oocytes varies with kinesin activity and correlates with the microtubule cytoskeleton architecture

Acoustic Streaming, The “Small Invention” of Cianobacteria?

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