Nature of insulator–metal transition and novel mechanism of charge transport in the metallic state of highly doped electronic polymers

Prigodin, V. N.; Epstein, Arthur J.

doi:10.1016/s0379-6779(01)00510-0

Cited by 148 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Evidently, two distinct coverage regions of copper nanocrystals (with different sizes and number densities) can be identified. Since polypyrrole has similar dielectric properties as a semiconductor [27,28], the difference in the film thickness can produce different electric fields at the polypyrrole surface [26]. The higher potential at the surface of the thinner part of the polymer film (Region A) leads to the creation of more nucleation sites and therefore a higher density of nanocrystals, while the opposite is true for the thicker part (Region B).…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth of self-assembled copper nanostructure on conducting polymer by electrodeposition

Sarkar

Zhou

Tannous

et al. 2003

Solid State Communications

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In the present work, self-assembled nanostructures of copper are grown by electrodeposition on a thin conducting polymer (polypyrrole) film electropolymerized on a gold electrode. The shapes, sizes and the densities of the nanostructures are found to depend on the thickness of the polypyrrole thin film, which provides an easy means to control the morphology of these nanostructures. In particular, for the same applied potential on the gold electrode, smaller nanocrystals with a higher density are observed on thinner polymer films while bigger nanocrystals at a lower density are found on thicker films. The generation of nanostructured materials on a surface is a new thrust in materials science due to the continuing miniaturization of electronic and mechanical devices. In general, feature sizes 30 -300 nm and larger are routinely produced by electron-beam and photolithography techniques, respectively. Important progress has been made over the past few years in the preparation of ordered ensembles of metal and semiconductor nanocrystals to fabricate feature size less than 30 nm [1,2]. Devices fabricated entirely from polymers are now available, opening up the possibility of adapting polymer processing technologies to fabricate inexpensive, large-area devices using non-lithographic techniques [3,4]. Nanostructured materials have attracted much recent attention due to their important roles in many technological areas such as heterogeneous catalysis [5], photonics [6], single electron and quantum devices [7]. The development of nanotechnology requires good understanding of the evolution of the shape, size and distribution of nanoparticles in different growth processes [8,9]. Nanoparticles have been commonly grown in physical [10,11] and electrochemical processes [12 -16]. In the physical deposition process, the deposition rate and surface diffusion coefficient determine the shape, size and density of the nanoparticles on a specific substrate surface [17]. On the other hand, the concentration and pH of the electrolyte as well as the applied potential all play a prominent role in the electrochemical deposition process [18]. The use of an STM tip to develop copper nanostructures on a single-crystal gold electrode electrochemically has also been demonstrated [19]. Two common growth modes can be defined either as progressive or instantaneous, in the electrochemical deposition process, depending on the surface energies of the substrate and the deposited materials as well as their interface energy. In the Volmer -Weber growth process, the growth mode is instantaneous due to the large difference in the surface energies of the substrate and the deposited material [20]. The number of active nucleation sites is proportional to the applied potential because the nucleation barrier becomes lower with increasing applied potential [21].Organic conducting polymers, particularly in the form of thin films, are attractive candidates for microelectronic applications [22,23] due to their unique combination of electrical, mechanical ...

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confidence: 99%

Growth of self-assembled copper nanostructure on conducting polymer by electrodeposition

Sarkar

Zhou

Tannous

et al. 2003

Solid State Communications

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“…However, this electron diffusion is not a unique transport mechanism responsible for the occurrence of metallic-like behavior in the dc conductivity of conducting polymers. Prigodin and Epstein suggested that the electron tunneling between the grains through intermediate resonance states on the polymer chains connecting them, strongly contributes to the electron transport [14]. This approach was employed to build up a theory of electron transport in polyaniline based nanofibers [15] providing good agreement with the previous transport experiments [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

On the Electron Transport in Conducting Polymer Nanofibers

Zimbovskaya¹

2010

Nanofibers

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“…According to the chain-linked granular model, the temperature dependence of resistivity is given by the quasi-one-dimensional Mott's law: 13,15 …”

Section: Ion Control Of Electron Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data initiated the proposal on a new mechanism of charge transport and a new type of IMT for highly conducting doped polymers. 15 From structural study, it is well established that the conjugated polymers are strongly inhomogeneous materials. 16 In "cooked spaghettilike" polymer chain media, one can distinguish the "crystalline" regions within which polymer chains are dense and well packed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wave functions of electronic states in the amorphous region stay strongly localized. 15 In this chain-linked granular model, the metallic grains with delocalized charge carriers remain spatially separated by amorphous regions, and, therefore, direct electron transitions between grains are suppressed exponentially with increasing grain separation. The intergrain charge transfer is possible because of the resonance tunneling through localized states in amorphous media, whose energy is close to the Fermi level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron-ion interaction in doped conducting polymers

et al. 2008

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The discovery of electric-field effect for conducting polymers in transistor structures aroused a number of questions about structure, mechanism of charge transport, and a role of ions in conducting polymers. We present here the model of an electrochemical transistor whose resistance is governed by the gate potential through bulk ionic charging/discharging of the conducting polymer-based active channel. The predicted I͑V͒ characteristics do not agree with the measured experimental dependencies for highly doped conducting polymer-based transistors. We suggest that the observable electric-field effect in conducting polymers is related to their structural peculiarities. The large free volume within the conductive polymer chain network enables ions to easily move into and out of the polymers. The main effect of ion insertion is breaking of the percolation network for the conductivity by removing critical hoping sites and, as a result, producing a conductornonconductor transition.

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Nature of insulator–metal transition and novel mechanism of charge transport in the metallic state of highly doped electronic polymers

Cited by 148 publications

References 51 publications

Growth of self-assembled copper nanostructure on conducting polymer by electrodeposition

Growth of self-assembled copper nanostructure on conducting polymer by electrodeposition

On the Electron Transport in Conducting Polymer Nanofibers

Electron-ion interaction in doped conducting polymers

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