Nature, Culture and Conservation in France and her Colonies 1840-1940

Ford, Caroline

doi:10.1093/past/183.1.173

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Deforestation and the workers question were regarded as aspects of the same phenomenon, namely, changes in the landscape that drove rural populations to move to the cities (Kalaora and Savoye, 1986: 21). This supported the case for reforestation, as did a series of devastating floods in the 1840s, 1850s and 1870s, interpreted to be caused by deforestation (Ford, 2004: 179–80). To solve this complex problem, early sociologists recommended that the state should reforest the land, especially sensitive areas such as mountain slopes.…”

Section: Restoration Time: French Forests In the Nineteenth Centurysupporting

confidence: 54%

“…From the 1820s and well into the 1870s, violence recurrently burst out as peasants resisted and even revolted against what they considered restrictions of their traditional use rights (Sarles, 2006: 576). Forest guards had their food supplies plundered, were driven from their homes, and there were even occasions of murder (Ford, 2004: 180; Sarles, 2006: 582). Most famous and spectacular among these revolts was the so-called guerre des demoiselles in the Ariège around 1830 (Sahlins, 1994).…”

Section: Restoration Time: French Forests In the Nineteenth Centurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But whereas in Algeria the decline narrative was accompanying an important environmental degradation playing out simultaneously, in hexagonal France, it was instead used to underpin a reforestation campaign. The decline narrative about an original sin of indigenous deforestation diverted the responsibility for the environmental degradation pursued by the French colonial administration (Ford, 2004: 196–7). In Algeria, the French administered a politics of devastation posing as restoration.…”

Section: Imperial Geographies Of Forest Timementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Time for politics

Nordblad

2016

European Journal of Social Theory

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a recent scholarly debate, the Anthropocene concept has been criticized for diverting attention from the political aspects of contemporary environmental crises, not least by way of the long timescales it implies. This article therefore takes on the matter of longtermism as an historical and political phenomenon, by applying a conceptual historical perspective. Examples are drawn from historical studies of forest politics. It is argued that conceptions of the long term, as in all concepts in political language, are historical and therefore problematic to legitimately define conclusively. However, many of the environmental crises looming in our time do indeed call for long-term perspectives. As a solution in accordance with its historical and democratic conceptual character, it is suggested that political long-termism paradoxically can and should be constantly deliberated upon and renewed in the short term. Its conceptual history can then serve two purposes: First, history can offer exempla of how long-termism can be conceptualized and institutionalized in ways that encourage continuous deliberation and reconceptualization. Second, historical conceptualizations of the long term can be drawn upon, both negatively and positively, in this continuous deliberation.

show abstract

Section: Restoration Time: French Forests In the Nineteenth Centurysupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Restoration Time: French Forests In the Nineteenth Centurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Imperial Geographies Of Forest Timementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Time for politics

Nordblad

2016

European Journal of Social Theory

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This development was closely connected to the rise of modern land-use schemes and the emergence of modern thinking on forest resource economy [51,64,65]. In particular, governments introduced efficient management for wood production in state-owned forests and strived for quitting the usage rights of external persons or institutions [66]. High forest management became the new silvicultural standard, conifers were introduced in large areas, and century-old multi-use forest management techniques were increasingly abandoned [65,67,68].…”

Section: Rise Of Scientific Forestry In the Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Interplay of Ownership Patterns, Biodiversity, and Conservation in Past and Present Temperate Forest Landscapes of Europe and North America

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review Ownership patterns and the associated management characteristics are related to forest structures, biodiversity patterns, and their conservation worldwide. A literature review on this topic is missing so far. We fill this gap with an emphasis on the temperate forests of Europe and North America. Mixed-ownership landscapes are the special focus of the analysis. In a first step, historical effects of ownership patterns on forest structure and biodiversity are elucidated. Second, connections between present-time forest ownership patterns and both forest structural and biodiversity patterns are analyzed. Finally, implications for integrative conservation management are evaluated with a special focus on mixed-ownership forest landscapes. Recent Findings Close linkages between ownership type-specific forest management and particular forest structural and biodiversity patterns are identified for past and current forest landscapes. Both in Europe and North America, publicly and privately owned forests show comparable lines of historical development but with a time shift. Forest reserves and ancient woodland with long ecological continuity appear to be mainly connected with public ownership. A high diversity of management approaches and cultural landscape habitats is characteristic of non-industrial small private forests. In mixed-ownership landscapes, a more diverse mosaic of habitats has developed than in mono-ownership landscapes. Summary We conclude that cross-boundary ecosystem management is crucial for effective conservation in present-day mixed-ownership landscapes. Integrative forest management that considers biodiversity and social-ecological aspects across ownerships is indispensable. We present a framework of implications for conservation management in mixed-ownership forest landscapes that build on each other and may enhance cross-boundary ecosystem management.

show abstract

“…While forests were assumed to protect against oods in the late 19th century (e.g. Landolt, 1862;Culmann, 1865), in Switzerland and countries with similar laws such as France and Austria (Ford, 2004;Weiss, 2001), the actual effects of these laws on ood risk have not been systematically investigated. Yet, their investigation is critical to better understand the protection services of mountain forests and to adapt related environmental policies accordingly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An approach to evaluate mountain forest protection and management as a means for flood mitigation

Rüegg

Moos²,

Gentile³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We are of the opinion that old environmental policies that are based on scientific knowledge at the time they are established need to be revisited in terms of the current knowledge and the effectiveness of these policies in protecting or promoting a particular ecosystem service. Here we use the first Swiss Federal Forest Law (1876) as a case example, which was established to protect mountain forests as a natural means of protection against natural hazards, particularly floods. We briefly summarize the current relevant scientific knowledge on i) reasons for reforestation in mountains and how the law may have contributed, ii) forest effects on hydrological regimes and their protection service against floods, and iii) other watershed changes affecting both reforestation and the forest-runoff interaction. We then present insights from a case study on the Upper Rhone catchments, which lead us to develop a methodological approach based on interdisciplinary collaboration among natural and social sciences to gain the needed data to answer the question of whether a forest protection law can serve as a means of flood protection. Specifically, we found that a means of data interpolation is key to answering this question given data are at different scales and resolutions, and suggest modeling methods to fill gaps. Such methods and collaborations are key for basing environmental laws and policies in current scientific knowledge and effectively manage ecosystems and their services.

show abstract

Nature, Culture and Conservation in France and her Colonies 1840-1940

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Time for politics

Time for politics

On the Interplay of Ownership Patterns, Biodiversity, and Conservation in Past and Present Temperate Forest Landscapes of Europe and North America

An approach to evaluate mountain forest protection and management as a means for flood mitigation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About