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Cited by 14 publications
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Institute of Tree Biology and the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa. ITE contributes to, and draws upon, the collective knowledge of the 14 sister institutes which make up the Natural Environment Research Council, spanning all the environmental sciences.The Institute studies the factors determining the structure, composition and processes of land and freshwater systems, and of individual plant and animal species. It is developing a sounder scientific basis for predicting and modelling environmental trends arising from natural or man-made change. The results of this research are available to those responsible for the protection, management and wise use of our natural resources.One quarter of ITE's work is research commissioned by customers, such as the Department of Environment, the Commission of the European Communities, the Nature Conservancy Council and the Overseas Development Administration. The remainder is fundamental research supported by NERC. Preface Forestry and its effects on our countryside are very much in the news. The concern of Scottish ecologists was expressed through the organization of at least 3 conferences during November and early December 1985. Our meeting is just one of them. It is nonetheless timely, and it brings together a wider range of people than the other 2 meetings. The first, organized by the Scottish Ornithologists' Club, discussed the interactions of commercial forestry with birds. The second, under the auspices of the Countryside Commission for Scotland, was concerned mainly with broadleaved trees. We are concerned with wider aspects, including both birds and broadleaved trees, although primarily with conifer plantations in the Scottish uplands. However, it is impossible to consider the impact of any aspect of afforestation in isolation; forestry in the Scottish uplands is not a separate industry from forestry in the lowlands, and the industry is international.The concern of foresters to integrate their management policy with the requirements of the rest of the rural community is obvious. The new policy of the Forestry Commission with regard to broadleaved trees has arisen at least partly as a result of public concern. The economic demand for more home-produced timber may be satisfied only by planting up open hillsides and spoiling views which many people have come to regard as part of their heritage. It may be necessary, though this is still unproven, to afforest part of the habitat of upland birds which are rare in Britain. Decisions on some of these points may be political, but the widespread public concern remains. This concern is about integrating the need for timber with maintaining the richness of the Scottish upland countryside, of which the forests are very much a part. Nature conservationists and animal and plant ecologists already haye a great deal of practical knowledge on the management of semi-natural habitats, but their knowledge of the fauna of commercial forests is, in some cases, not as great as they would wish. The purpose of this meeting is to bring toge...
Institute of Tree Biology and the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa. ITE contributes to, and draws upon, the collective knowledge of the 14 sister institutes which make up the Natural Environment Research Council, spanning all the environmental sciences.The Institute studies the factors determining the structure, composition and processes of land and freshwater systems, and of individual plant and animal species. It is developing a sounder scientific basis for predicting and modelling environmental trends arising from natural or man-made change. The results of this research are available to those responsible for the protection, management and wise use of our natural resources.One quarter of ITE's work is research commissioned by customers, such as the Department of Environment, the Commission of the European Communities, the Nature Conservancy Council and the Overseas Development Administration. The remainder is fundamental research supported by NERC. Preface Forestry and its effects on our countryside are very much in the news. The concern of Scottish ecologists was expressed through the organization of at least 3 conferences during November and early December 1985. Our meeting is just one of them. It is nonetheless timely, and it brings together a wider range of people than the other 2 meetings. The first, organized by the Scottish Ornithologists' Club, discussed the interactions of commercial forestry with birds. The second, under the auspices of the Countryside Commission for Scotland, was concerned mainly with broadleaved trees. We are concerned with wider aspects, including both birds and broadleaved trees, although primarily with conifer plantations in the Scottish uplands. However, it is impossible to consider the impact of any aspect of afforestation in isolation; forestry in the Scottish uplands is not a separate industry from forestry in the lowlands, and the industry is international.The concern of foresters to integrate their management policy with the requirements of the rest of the rural community is obvious. The new policy of the Forestry Commission with regard to broadleaved trees has arisen at least partly as a result of public concern. The economic demand for more home-produced timber may be satisfied only by planting up open hillsides and spoiling views which many people have come to regard as part of their heritage. It may be necessary, though this is still unproven, to afforest part of the habitat of upland birds which are rare in Britain. Decisions on some of these points may be political, but the widespread public concern remains. This concern is about integrating the need for timber with maintaining the richness of the Scottish upland countryside, of which the forests are very much a part. Nature conservationists and animal and plant ecologists already haye a great deal of practical knowledge on the management of semi-natural habitats, but their knowledge of the fauna of commercial forests is, in some cases, not as great as they would wish. The purpose of this meeting is to bring toge...
Briers, R. A., Biggs, J. (2003). Indicator taxa for the conservation of pond invertebrate diversity. ? Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 13, (4), 323-330.1. Ponds are a valuable resource for the conservation of freshwater biodiversity, but are often extremely numerous in a given area, making assessment of the conservation value of individual sites potentially time consuming. 2. The use of indicator taxa, the species richness of which is representative of total site species richness, may provide one way to improve the efficiency of survey work. However, such indicators are poorly developed for freshwater systems. 3. A data set was used describing the occurrence of macroinvertebrate taxa in ponds in Oxfordshire, UK, to assess the extent to which variation in the species richness of selected taxa most consistently represented variation in all other taxa. 4. Coenagriidae (Odonata) and Limnephilidae (Trichoptera) reflected the variation in species richness of other taxa most consistently, with Coenagriidae showing the best overall performance as an indicator taxon. 5. For both suggested indicator taxa, selection of sites based solely on the presence of at least one species of indicator would represent over 95% of all species recorded across all sites. 6. Further investigation in different geographical regions is necessary to establish whether these relationships are consistent over a wider area.Peer reviewe
INTRODUCTIONEstuaries are generally more productive than adjoining marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems, being equalled only by intensive agriculture. When conditions of light, temperature and nutrients are at an optimum, organic production in the estuarlne environment can be ten times more than that of most temperate crops. The diversity of primary producers -benthic and planktonic mlcrophytes and the attached macrophytes -are advantaged by the nutrients trapped by the system, the stirring action of the tides and the flushing of the estuary. A vast number of animals, particularly invertebrates, feed upon these plants. Estuaries are well known as the nursery grounds for young fish -many of commercial species -which are supported by this high biomass. Some of the invertebrates also provide important shellfisherles. In addition, the large number of winterin~ wildfowl and waders and other migrants, as well as the resident breeding birds depend on these invertebrates and plants for their food. The breeding birds also rely on the extensive saltmarshes in estuarlne areas for nesting, and in a few areas the common seal uses the saltmarshes for pupping.Estuaries therefore have a high value as reservoirs of wildlife which, in part, play a crucial role in sustaining shell fisheries and sea fisheries. However, these areas also attract man's attention as a convenient passage between sea and land, an amenity area and a useful drain for his waste ~roducts. These most important and unique interface areas thus have many potential uses and consequently many potential conflicts between the activities exist. This paper begins with a description of the range of impacts on estuarine areas and then attempts an analysis of the affects of hydraulic engineering schemes; selected aspects such as land reclamation and some water resource schemes are discussed in detail. Finally, a strategy for the conservation of estu, fine areas is outlined.
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