Nature-Based solutions for landslide risk reduction: a critcal review of academic literature

Abstract

Landslides are a widespread natural hazard that threatens the built and natural environment and increases the areas of deforestation. Landslides have an impact on human life, the impact can be reduced by reducing the risk of landslides, reducing the risk of landslides aims to reduce the number of people affected, deaths and economic losses. Forests and vegetation can provide a protective function against landslides consisting of hydrological and soil conditions, such as soil moisture, water infiltration, and others. This ability of vegetation is called nature based solutions. The 46 studies selected for this landslide nature-based solution were analyzed with a focus on an in-depth literature review. The articles were analyzed with three focus reviews, namely: 1) types of landslides, 2) solutions regarding landslide mitigation, and 3) landslide risks. The types of landslides discussed in this article are 73% shallow landslide types, 22% landslide types rotation and 5% flow landslide type. The risk in this article regarding hazards/threats is discussed at 57%, exposure around 21% and vulnerability around 22%. Landslide risk reduction solutions in the articles reviewed, as many as 44% discussed nature-based solutions, 30% about other solutions, and 30% there were no solutions in reducing landslide risk. In the publication of 46 articles, nature-based solution approaches that are widely mentioned are environmental engineering, soil bioengineering and protected forests. The nature-based solution in this research shows that vegetation is the main solution in disaster mitigation measures.