Nature and significance of the Early Cretaceous giant igneous event in eastern China

Wu, Fu‐Yuan; Lin, Junjie; Wilde, Simon A.; Zhang, Xiao'ou; Yang, Jin‐Hui

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.02.019

Cited by 1,296 publications

(824 citation statements)

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“…The NCC is one of the oldest cratons in the world (up to 3.8 Ga; Jahn et al 1987;Liu et al 1992b;Song et al 1996;Zheng et al 2004;Wu et al 2005a). Its western and northern boundaries are the Early Paleozoic Qilianshan Orogen and the Late Paleozoic Central Asian Orogenic Belt, respectively.…”

Section: Geological Background and Petrographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints from melt inclusions and their host olivines on the petrogenesis of Oligocene-Early Miocene Xindian basalts, Chifeng area, North China Craton

Zhang

Qian

et al. 2012

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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The geochemical characteristics of melt inclusions and their host olivines provide important information on the processes that create magmas and the nature of their mantle and crustal source regions. We report chemical compositions of melt inclusions, their host olivines and bulk rocks of Xindian basalts in Chifeng area, North China Craton. Compositions of both bulk rocks and melt inclusions are tholeiitic. Based on petrographic observations and compositional variation of melt inclusions, the crystallizing sequence of Xindian basalts is as follows: olivine (at MgO [ *5.5 wt%), plagioclase (beginning at MgO = *5.5 wt%), clinopyroxene and ilmenite (at MgO \ 5.0 wt%). High Ni contents and Fe/Mn ratios, and low Ca and Mn contents in olivine phenocrysts, combining with low CaO contents of relatively high MgO melt inclusions (MgO [ 6 wt%), indicate that Xindian basalts are possibly derived from a pyroxenite source rather than a peridotite source. In the CS-MS-A diagram, all the high MgO melt inclusions (MgO [ 6.0 wt%) project in the field between garnet ? clinopyroxene ? liquid and garnet ? clinopyroxene ? orthopyroxene ? liquid near 3.0 GPa, further suggesting that residual minerals are mainly garnet and clinopyroxene, with possible presence of orthopyroxene, but without olivine. Modeling calculations using MELTS show that the water content of Xindian basalts is 0.3-0.7 wt% at MgO = 8.13 wt%. Using 20-25 % of partial melting estimated by moderately incompatible element ratios, the water content in the source of Xindian basalts is inferred to be C450 ppm, much higher than 6-85 ppm in dry lithospheric mantle. The melting depth is inferred to be *3.0 GPa, much deeper than that of tholeiitic lavas (\2.0 GPa), assuming a peridotite source with a normal mantle potential temperature. Such melting depth is virtually equal to the thickness of lithosphere beneath Chifeng area (*100 km), suggesting that Xindian basalts are derived from the asthenospheric mantle, if the lithospheric lid effect model is assumed.

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Section: Geological Background and Petrographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints from melt inclusions and their host olivines on the petrogenesis of Oligocene-Early Miocene Xindian basalts, Chifeng area, North China Craton

Zhang

Qian

et al. 2012

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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“…The spatial juxtaposition of Archean crust (Wu et al, 2005) and underlying Archean lithospheric mantle, sampled by Ordovician kimberlitic xenoliths in the eastern NCC (Chu et al, 2009;Gao et al, 2002;Wu et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2008a), provides strong evidence that the lithospheric mantle underlying these locations initially formed during the Archean, most likely related to the generation of the overlying continental crust. Yet such ancient lithospheric mantle is not observed in the mantle xenolith suites carried in Cenozoic basalts that erupted in the vicinity of the Ordovician kimberlites (Chu et al, 2009;Gao et al, 2002;Wu et al, 2003Wu et al, , 2006.…”

Section: Proterozoic Lithospheric Replacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Big insights from tiny peridotites: Evidence for persistence of Precambrian lithosphere beneath the eastern North China Craton

et al. 2015

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Previous studies have shown that the eastern North China Craton (NCC) lost its ancient lithospheric mantle root during the Phanerozoic. The temporal sequence, spatial extent, and cause of the lithospheric thinning, however, continue to be debated. Here we report olivine compositions, whole-rock Re-Os isotopic systematics, and platinum-group element abundances of small (b 2 cm in maximum dimension) mantle peridotite xenoliths from two basalt localities from the eastern NCC, Wudi (Cenozoic) and Fuxin (Cretaceous). These locations lie far (~150-200 km) from the Tan-Lu fault, which has been linked to lithospheric replacement in the eastern NCC. Peridotites at both locations have fertile to moderately refractory compositions (Fo b 91.5), while highly refractory (Fo N 92) lithospheric mantle is largely absent. Osmium isotopic data suggest the Wudi peridotites experienced melt depletion primarily during the Paleoproterozoic (~1.8 Ga), although an Archean Os model age for one xenolith indicates incorporation of a minor component of Archean lithospheric mantle. These data suggest that a previously unrecognized Paleoproterozoic orogenic event removed and replaced the original Archean lithospheric mantle beneath the sedimentary basin at the southern edge of the Bohai Sea. By contrast, the Fuxin peridotites, entrained in Cretaceous basalts that crop out along the northern edge of the eastern NCC, document the coexistence of both ancient (≥2.3 Ga) and modern lithospheric mantle components. Here, the original Late Archean-Early Paleoproterozoic lithospheric mantle was, at least partially, removed and replaced prior to 100 Ma. Combined with literature data, our results show that removal of the original Archean lithosphere occurred within Proterozoic collisional orogens, and that replacement of Precambrian lithosphere during the Mesozoic may have been spatially associated with the collisional boundaries and the strike-slip Tan-Lu fault, as well as the onset of Paleo-Pacific plate subduction.

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“…1b). The discordia line has a lower intercept of 145 ± 14 Ma, suggesting it reflects Cretaceous activity, possibly associated with lithospheric thinning at this time (Wu et al, 2005a).…”

Section: Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoarchean siliceous high-Mg basalt (SHMB) from the Taishan granite–greenstone terrane, Eastern North China Craton: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications

Peng

Wilde

et al. 2013

Precambrian Research

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Nature and significance of the Early Cretaceous giant igneous event in eastern China

Cited by 1,296 publications

References 81 publications

Constraints from melt inclusions and their host olivines on the petrogenesis of Oligocene-Early Miocene Xindian basalts, Chifeng area, North China Craton

Constraints from melt inclusions and their host olivines on the petrogenesis of Oligocene-Early Miocene Xindian basalts, Chifeng area, North China Craton

Big insights from tiny peridotites: Evidence for persistence of Precambrian lithosphere beneath the eastern North China Craton

Neoarchean siliceous high-Mg basalt (SHMB) from the Taishan granite–greenstone terrane, Eastern North China Craton: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications

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