Nature and nurture? A review of the literature on childhood maltreatment and genetic factors in the pathogenesis of borderline personality disorder

Wilson, Naomi; Robb, Emily; Gajwani, Ruchika; Minnis, Helen

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.025

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(147 reference statements)

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“…Findings in personality disorders suggest predisposing genetic loci or subsequent epigenetic changes through environmental influences (i.e. childhood maltreatment) that promote certain personality traits [ 44 ]. As a consequence, psychopathic traits could as well be viewed as a neurodevelopmental stress-related disorder [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of self-reported psychopathic traits in at-risk adolescents in youth welfare and juvenile justice institutions

Hachtel

Jenkel²,

Schmeck³

et al. 2022

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the self-reported stability of psychopathic traits in adolescents in residential care (both child welfare and juvenile justice placed juveniles) and potential influencing factors. Methods We applied the Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory (YPI) in a sample of 162 adolescents (M = 15.0 years, SD = 1.3) over a mean time interval of 11 months (min. 6, max. 21 months, SD = 3.14). Results There was no significant difference in YPI total score nor in the three underlying dimensions Grandiose-Manipulative (GM), Callous-Unemotional (CU), and Impulsive-Irresponsible (II) between t1 and t2. Furthermore, approximately 70% of the adolescents showed no clinically significant reliable change on the YPI total score (as measured with the reliable change index), 15% improved, 15% deteriorated. The strongest predictor for psychopathic traits at t2 were psychopathic traits at t1. Additional predictors for higher levels of general psychopathic traits was male sex, for CU-traits male sex and lower levels of internalizing mental health problems, and for II-traits higher levels of externalizing mental health problems. Generally, the three reliable change groups (increase, no change, decrease) did not seemed to differ on relevant factors. Conclusions Our results add to the findings that psychopathic traits are relatively stable in this at-risk group over approximately a 1-year time interval. Research with a longer follow-up time and more time points is warranted to better interpret these results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of self-reported psychopathic traits in at-risk adolescents in youth welfare and juvenile justice institutions

Hachtel

Jenkel²,

Schmeck³

et al. 2022

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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“…Finally, there are also broad differences in the extent to which individuals are influenced by environments and respond plastically to them (i.e., gene-environment interactions) (256,(315)(316)(317). There are even individual differences for different types of plasticity (264).…”

Section: Contextual Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of personality disorders: A review of proposals

Gutiérrez

Valdesoiro

2023

Front. Psychiatry

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Personality disorders (PDs) are currently considered dysfunctions. However, personality differences are older than humanity and are ubiquitous in nature, from insects to higher primates. This suggests that a number of evolutionary mechanisms—other than dysfunctions—may be able to maintain stable behavioral variation in the gene pool. First of all, apparently maladaptive traits may actually improve fitness by enabling better survival or successful mating or reproduction, as exemplified by neuroticism, psychopathy, and narcissism. Furthermore, some PDs may harm important biological goals while facilitating others, or may be globally beneficial or detrimental depending on environmental circumstances or body condition. Alternatively, certain traits may form part of life history strategies: Coordinated suites of morphological, physiological and behavioral characters that optimize fitness through alternative routes and respond to selection as a whole. Still others may be vestigial adaptations that are no longer beneficial in present times. Finally, variation may be adaptative in and by itself, as it reduces competition for finite resources. These and other evolutionary mechanisms are reviewed and illustrated through human and non-human examples. Evolutionary theory is the best-substantiated explanatory framework across the life sciences, and may shed light on the question of why harmful personalities exist at all.

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“…Однако эти обстоятельства не могут расцениваться как прямые причины развития ПРЛ. Хотя детский травматический опыт широко распространен в этой популяции, он присутствует не во всех случаях, а если существует, то не всегда вызывает ПРЛ [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: резюме _____________________________________________________...unclassified

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence: A Literature Review

Леонова¹,

Раева²

2023

Психиатрия, Психотерапия И Клиническая Психология

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Пограничное расстройство личности – это расстройство, характеризующееся импульсивностью, низким самоконтролем, эмоциональной неустойчивостью, высокой тревожностью и выраженным уровнем десоциализации. Несмотря на то, что официальное признание расстройства произошло более полувека назад, до настоящего времени оно существенно отстает по количеству исследований, касающихся лечения, семейного психообразования и других аспектов, по сравнению с другими психическими нарушениями. С внедрением новой классификации болезней 11-го пересмотра станет возможной диагностика пограничного личностного расстройства у лиц подросткового возраста, что представляет собой неоднозначный вопрос, требующий многомерного подхода к его решению. Доказанные методы терапии, появившиеся в последнее время, и позитивные прогностические данные раннего вмешательства говорят в пользу необходимости обучения специалистов для осуществления своевременной диагностики расстройства и его лечения. Borderline Personality Disorder is a disorder characterized by impulsivity, low self-control, emotional instability, high anxiety, and severe levels of desocialization. Despite the fact that the disorder was officially recognized more than half a century ago, it still lags far behind for research on treatment, family psychological education, and other aspects compared to other mental disorders. With the implementation of the new, 11th revision, of the Classification of Diseases, the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder in adolescents will be possible, which is an ambiguous issue requiring multidimensional approaches towards its management. Evidence-based therapies recently emerged and a positive prognostic evidence for early intervention support the need for specialist training for timely diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.

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Nature and nurture? A review of the literature on childhood maltreatment and genetic factors in the pathogenesis of borderline personality disorder

Cited by 10 publications

References 90 publications

Stability of self-reported psychopathic traits in at-risk adolescents in youth welfare and juvenile justice institutions

Stability of self-reported psychopathic traits in at-risk adolescents in youth welfare and juvenile justice institutions

The evolution of personality disorders: A review of proposals

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence: A Literature Review

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