Naturally Occurring Plant Compounds with Larvicidal Activity AgainstAedes aegypti

Abstract

Abstract:The mosquito Aedes aegypti is a vector that carries the arboviroses responsible for dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fevers, diseases which are considered as major worldwide public health problems. The most widely adopted strategy for decreasing the incidence of these diseases resides in controlling the mosquito larvae population. The increasingly incidence of resistant mosquito populations due to the continuous use of synthetic insecticides, in addition to the public concern over environmental pollution and toxicity of the current commercial pesticides to nontarget organisms, have stimulated the search for alternative methods for mosquito control. In this regard, plant-derived compounds have emerged as a promising efficient and environmentally safe tool for reducing the larval population of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This review provides a survey on naturally occurring plant compounds belonging to different classes of secondary metabolites which have been shown to be active against Aedes aegypti.Keywords: Dengue; larvicidal compounds; bioactive natural products; Aedes aegypti. ResumoO mosquito Aedes aegypti é o vetor que transmite as arboviroses responsáveis pela dengue e a dengue hemorrágica, doenças consideradas um importante problema de saúde pública mundial. A estratégia mais amplamente adotada para diminuir a incidência dessas doenças consiste em controlar a população de larvas do mosquito. A ocorrência cada vez maior de populações resistentes de mosquitos, devido ao uso contínuo de inseticidas sintéticos, além da poluição ambiental e toxicidade dos pesticidas comerciais atualmente em uso a organismos não-alvo, tem estimulado a procura por métodos alternativos para o controle do mosquito. Neste sentido, compostos de origem vegetal surgem como uma estratégia promissora, eficiente e ambientalmente segura para reduzir a população de larvas de mosquitos Aedes aegypti. Esta revisão trata de pesquisas sobre compostos naturais originados de plantas pertencentes a diferentes classes de metabólitos secundários, que mostraram atividade contra larvas de Aedes aegypti.Palavras-chave: Dengue; substâncias larvicidas; produtos naturais bioativos; Aedes aegypti.

Larvicidal activity of plants from Myrtaceae against Aedes aegypti L. and Simulium pertinax Kollar (Diptera)

“…It is estimated that approximately 479 articles were published between 1968 and 2016, which evaluated the activity of natural plant products against A. aegypti 10 , 11 , 12 . Amides, quinones, and terpenoids are active larvicidal compounds, and represent the major natural substances responsible for controlling A. aegypti 10 , 13 . Biolarvicides, based on mosquitocidal toxins derived from strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), are globally used on a large scale for their pathogenicity and specificity against the larval stages of S. sp.…”

How long is long enough? Decreasing effects in Aedes aegypti larval mortality by plant extracts over time

“…Furthermore, I. paraguariensis has a higher content of caffeoyl derivatives and flavonoids than I. theezans. Flavonoids are recognized for their potent larvicidal activity, which may partially explain the results obtained herein (Filip et al, 2001;Garcez et al, 2013). In raw plant extracts, the active constituents are usually found in small concentrations (Krinski et al, 2014).…”

Active metabolites of the genus Piper against Aedes aegypti: natural alternative sources for dengue vector control

“…Because no vaccine has been effective in preventing dengue, the best control measure to prevent infection is to eliminate adult mosquitoes, and their larvae. Many strategies have been used to control A. aegypti mosquitoes and larvae such as the use of bioenseticida Bacillus thuringiensis H-14 (Bti), Gambusia and Poecilia afinis spp larvae-eating fish and chemical types of insecticides like pyrethroids, carbamates and organophosphates, as well as the improvement of basic sanitation (Garcez et al 2013). However, the indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides has lead to the emergence of resistant strains of mosquitoes and prompted an uncontrolled increase in the mosquito population.…”

“…Among all potential bioactive metabolites there are many different structures and chemical classes such as amides, limonoids, stilbenes, coumarins, sesquiterpenes, and quinones, which has the highest number of bioactive compounds. It should also be noted that the low LC50 values observed for some of these compound classes could feature as an alternative product with greater potential for their use as an A. aegypti control agent (Garcez et al 2013). …”