Naturalistic Observations of Newborns: Effects of Maternal Alcohol Intake

Landesman-Dwyer, Sharon; Keller, L; Streissguth, Ann P.

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1978.tb04718.x

Cited by 116 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…As with previous studies, the present study did not show that maternal smoking influenced newborn muscle tonus or spontaneous activity (Landesman-Dwyer and Emanuel 1979).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In a series of studies using this tool, behaviour such as poor habituation, low arousal, diminished strength of sucking and tremulousness have been reported to be more prevalent in infants of mothers who drink during pregnancy and to m be correlated with long-term neurom behavioural effects (Landesman-Dwyer et al 1978;Martin et al 1979;Streissguth et al 1983Streissguth et al , 1984. Other studies have failed to support such findings (Ernhart et al 1985, Coles et al 1985, have not 3 observed a maternal alcohol-dosehfant behaviour-response correlation, and have e questioned whether these often minor 2 behavioural measurements will be associated with any long-term, significant developmental deficiencies (Staisey and Fried 1983, Jacobson et al 1984, Fried and Makin 1987.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low to Moderate Maternal Alcohol Use Before and During Pregnancy, and Neurobehavioural Outcome in the Newborn Infant

Walpole

Zubrick²,

Pontré³

et al. 1991

Develop Med Child Neuro

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SUMMARY Of 2002 randomly selected pregnant women recruited prospectively over a three‐year period for an extensive questionnaire survey, a stratified subsample of 665 mothers was selected for mother‐infant follow‐up on the basis of pre‐pregnancy alcohol intake. Infant outcome was assessed by detailed clinical examination and application of a modified Einstein Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Schedule (ENBAS) performed at 24 to 72 hours of age. Of the infant responses to 25 ENBAS items, only tonus showed a small but significant relationship to pre‐pregnancy maternal alcohol intake. The authors conclude that low to moderate maternal alcohol intake has no significant effect on newborn neurological status. RÉSUMÉ Absorption faible ou modérée d'alcool avant et durant la grossesse, et devenir neurodeveloppemental du nouveau‐né Un total de 2002 femmes enceintes, choisies au hasard, furent sélectionnées pour une période de trois ans étudiée par un questionnaire étendu. Un souséchantillon stratifié de 665 mères fut sélectionné pour un suivi mère‐enfant sur la base d'une absorption d'alcool avant la grossesse. Le devenir des nourrissons fut appréié par un examen clinique détaillé et l'application d'une version modifiée de l'Einstein Neonatal Behavioural Assessement Schedule (ENBAS), 24 et 72 heures après la naissance. Parmi les réponses des nourrissons aux 24 items de l'ENBAS, seul le tonus montrait une relation faible mais significative avec l'absorption d'alcool chez la mère avant la grossesse. Les auteurs concluent que l'absorption d'alcool chez une mère à des niveaux faibles ou modérés n'a pas d'effets significatifs sur l'état neurologique du nouveau‐né. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Geringer bis mittlerer Alkoholkonsum von Müttern vor und während der Schwangerschaft und verhaltensneurologische Befunde beim Neugeborenen Von 2002 willkürlich ausgewählten Schwangeren, die prospektiv über einen Zeitraum von drei Jahren für eine großangelegte Fragebogenaktion gewonnen wurden, wurde eine Untergruppe von 665 Müttern für eine Mutter‐Kind Kontrolle auf der Basis des Alkoholkonsums vor dar Schwangerschaft gebildet. Der Outcome der Säuglinge wurde durch genaue klinische Untersuchungen und ein modifiziertes Einstein Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Schedule (ENBAS), das im Alter von 24 bis 72 Stunden durchgeführt wurde, beurteilt. Von 25 ENBAS Items zeigte nur der Tonus eine gringe, aber signifikante Relation zum Alkoholkonsum vor der Schwangerschaft. Die Autoren schließen daraus, daß ein geringer bis mittlerer Alkoholkonsum der Mutter keinen signifikanten Einfluß auf den neurologischen Status des Neugeborenen hat. RESUMEN Uso bajo o moderado del alcohol por la madre antes y durante la gestatión y realización neuroconductual en el recié'n nacido De un conjunto de 2002 mujeres seleccionadas al azar y reclutadas prospectivamente durante un período de tres años con el objeto de someterlas a un extenso cuestionario, se seleccionó una submuestra estratificada de 665 madres para un seguimiento madre‐niño basándose en la ingestíón prenatal de alcoho...

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“…As with previous studies, the present study did not show that maternal smoking influenced newborn muscle tonus or spontaneous activity (Landesman-Dwyer and Emanuel 1979).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low to Moderate Maternal Alcohol Use Before and During Pregnancy, and Neurobehavioural Outcome in the Newborn Infant

Walpole

Zubrick²,

Pontré³

et al. 1991

Develop Med Child Neuro

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The best-known and most widely used research tool for assessing human neonates is the Brazelton Newborn Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) (Brazelton 1973). Fetal alcohol exposed human infants were lower than non-exposed infants on arousal on the NBAS, showed lower peaks of excitement and state lability, and demonstrated less of the full range of awake to crying states (Jacobson et al 1984; Landesman-Dwyer et al 1978; Oberlander et al 2010; Streissguth et al 1983). Coles et al (1985) found sub-optimal reflexes in human neonates at 3 days of age who had been exposed to alcohol during the second and third trimesters.…”

Section: Domains Affected By Prenatal Alcohol Exposurementioning

confidence: 90%

The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Behavior: Rodent and Primate Studies

2011

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The use of alcohol by women during pregnancy is a continuing problem. In this review the behavioral effects of prenatal alcohol from animal models are described and related to studies of children and adults with FASD. Studies with monkeys and rodents show that prenatal alcohol exposure adversely affects neonatal orienting, attention and motor maturity, as well as activity level, executive function, response inhibition, and sensory processing later in life. The primate moderate dose behavioral findings fill an important gap between human correlational data and rodent mechanistic research. These animal findings are directly translatable to human findings. Moreover, primate studies that manipulated prenatal alcohol exposure and prenatal stress independently show that prenatal stress exacerbates prenatal alcohol-induced behavioral impairments, underscoring the need to consider stress-induced effects in fetal alcohol research. Studies in rodents and primates show long-term effects of prenatal and developmental alcohol exposure on dopamine system functioning, which could underpin the behavioral effects.

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“…Children with FASD may not show any physical abnormalities associated with developmental alcohol exposure or may show physical abnormalities that do not meet the requirements for a diagnosis of FAS. However, with or without the physical features, high levels of prenatal alcohol exposure may still lead to behavioral anomalies and intellectual deficits in newborns and young children (Landesman-Dwyer et al, 1978; Mattson et al, 1997). Because there is a significant amount of congruence between animals and humans in the effects of alcohol exposure (Driscoll et al, 1990; Hannigan, 1996; Hannigan and Abel, 1996), animal models have been used to further examine the effects of developmental alcohol exposure on brain and behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choline Supplementation and DNA Methylation in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Rats Exposed to Alcohol During Development

Otero

Thomas

Saski

et al. 2012

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

127

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Background Some of the most frequent deficits seen in children with FASD and in animal models of FASD are spatial memory impairments and impaired executive functioning, which are likely related to alcohol-induced alterations of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), respectively. Choline, a nutrient supplement, has been shown in a rat model to ameliorate some of alcohol's teratogenic effects and this effect may be mediated through choline' effects on DNA methylation. Methods Alcohol was given by intragastric intubation to rat pups during the neonatal period (postnatal days 2–10) (ET group), which is equivalent to the third trimester in humans and a period of heightened vulnerability of the brain to alcohol exposure. Control groups included an intubated control group given the intubation procedure without alcohol (IC) and a non-treated control group (NC). Choline or saline was administered subcutaneously to each subject from postnatal day 2 to 20. On postnatal day 21, the brains of the subjects were removed and assayed for global DNA methylation patterning as measured by chemiluminescence using the cpGlobal assay in both the hippocampal region and PFC. Results Alcohol exposure caused hypermethylation in the hippocampus and PFC, which was significantly reduced after choline supplementation. In contrast, control animals showed increases in DNA methylation in both regions after choline supplementation, suggesting that choline supplementation has different effects depending upon the initial state of the brain. Conclusions This study is the first to show changes in global DNA methylation of the hippocampal region and PFC after neonatal alcohol exposure. Choline supplementation impacts global DNA methylation in these two brain regions in alcohol-exposed and control animals in a differential manner. The current findings suggest that both alcohol and choline have substantial impact on the epigenome in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and future studies will be needed to describe which gene families are impacted in such a way that function of the nervous system is changed.

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Naturalistic Observations of Newborns: Effects of Maternal Alcohol Intake

Abstract: This article deals with the question of whether offspring of social drinkers would show, to a lesser degree, some of the behavioral characteristics of infants with fetal alcohol syndrome. Another question concerned individual differences in "temperament."

Cited by 116 publications

References 12 publications

Low to Moderate Maternal Alcohol Use Before and During Pregnancy, and Neurobehavioural Outcome in the Newborn Infant

Low to Moderate Maternal Alcohol Use Before and During Pregnancy, and Neurobehavioural Outcome in the Newborn Infant

The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Behavior: Rodent and Primate Studies

Choline Supplementation and DNA Methylation in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Rats Exposed to Alcohol During Development

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