Natural Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals

White, Art F.; Buss, Heather L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.00504-0

Cited by 70 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 188 publications

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“…In fact, the weathering rates based on residence times from the CIM are all at least 3 orders of magnitude higher than the rates based on radiocarbon and geochemical chronometer residence times (Table 2). These are larger than published weathering rates for silicate rocks similar to those found in the Saguache Creek watershed [White, 2005], while the estimated weathering rates based on radiocarbon and geochemical chronometer residence times are consistent with published values. As an additional test, we reconstruct potassium concentrations for each spring.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 34%

“…Equation 3 was solved for C x to reconstruct the potassium concentration for each spring by assuming that R(C x ) was equal to a weathering rate for potassium feldspar of 10 À13.8 mol m À2 s À1 [White, 2005].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In principle, if a given age-dating methodology is underestimating residence times, then estimates of weathering rates from that methodology will be too high as compared to published weathering rates. As an additional test, we reconstruct the potassium concentrations of spring flow using the residence times from the three age-dating methods and a published weathering rate for potassium feldspar from a geographic, climatic, and geologic setting that is representative of the Saguache Creek watershed [White, 2005]. If a given age-dating method is underestimating the residence times of spring flow, then the reconstructed potassium concentrations will be significantly smaller than measured potassium concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] Information on residence times can be gleaned from weathering rates since the dissolution of minerals is a timedependent process [White, 2005]. We hypothesize that if mean residence times are biased short, then weathering rates calculated from mean residence times will be forced unrealistically high to match observed solute concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Are we missing the tail (and the tale) of residence time distributions in watersheds?

Frisbee

Wilson

Gomez‐Velez

et al. 2013

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Residence times provide vital information on hydrological, geochemical, and ecological processes in watersheds. The common perception is that mean residence times in watersheds are very short, on the order of days to years. However, there is growing concern that longer residence times of centuries to millennia are not being captured by traditional surface water age-dating methods. We hypothesize that if mean residence times are biased short, then weathering rates calculated from mean residence times will be forced unrealistically high to match observed solute concentrations. We test this hypothesis by calculating weathering rates from springs based upon residence times estimated using three different age-dating methods. Observed solute concentrations require unrealistically large weathering rates if typical short residence times are employed as compared to rates derived from longer residence times. Residence time distributions in watersheds have substantially longer tails than previously thought, with implications for age-dating methods and their interpretation to infer process behavior.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 34%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Are we missing the tail (and the tale) of residence time distributions in watersheds?

Frisbee

Wilson

Gomez‐Velez

et al. 2013

Geophysical Research Letters

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show abstract

“…This may be attributed to the importance of annual temperature and runoff, though silicate weathering rates are not governed by any single parameter (White and Blum, 1995;White and Brantley, 1995;West et al, 2005). As for the large rivers in China, Huanghe has the largest evaporite yield TDS (6.65 t km À2 a À1 ) and Xijiang has the largest CO 2 consumption rates both from silicate weathering (154 Â 10 3 mol km À2 a À1 ) and carbonate weathering (807 Â 10 3 mol km À2 a À1 ).…”

Section: Climate (Temperature and Runoff) As A Main Control On Chemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical weathering under mid- to cool temperate and monsoon-controlled climate: A study on water geochemistry of the Songhuajiang River system, northeast China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2013

Applied Geochemistry

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Whole planet coupling between climate, mantle, and core: Implications for rocky planet evolution

Foley

Driscoll

2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Earth's climate, mantle, and core interact over geologic timescales. Climate influences whether plate tectonics can take place on a planet, with cool climates being favorable for plate tectonics because they enhance stresses in the lithosphere, suppress plate boundary annealing, and promote hydration and weakening of the lithosphere. Plate tectonics plays a vital role in the long-term carbon cycle, which helps to maintain a temperate climate. Plate tectonics provides long-term cooling of the core, which is vital for generating a magnetic field, and the magnetic field is capable of shielding atmospheric volatiles from the solar wind. Coupling between climate, mantle, and core can potentially explain the divergent evolution of Earth and Venus. As Venus lies too close to the sun for liquid water to exist, there is no long-term carbon cycle and thus an extremely hot climate. Therefore plate tectonics cannot operate and a long-lived core dynamo cannot be sustained due to insufficient core cooling. On planets within the habitable zone where liquid water is possible, a wide range of evolutionary scenarios can take place depending on initial atmospheric composition, bulk volatile content, or the timing of when plate tectonics initiates, among other factors. Many of these evolutionary trajectories would render the planet uninhabitable. However, there is still significant uncertainty over the nature of the coupling between climate, mantle, and core. Future work is needed to constrain potential evolutionary scenarios and the likelihood of an Earth-like evolution.

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Natural Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals

Cited by 70 publications

References 188 publications

Are we missing the tail (and the tale) of residence time distributions in watersheds?

Are we missing the tail (and the tale) of residence time distributions in watersheds?

Chemical weathering under mid- to cool temperate and monsoon-controlled climate: A study on water geochemistry of the Songhuajiang River system, northeast China

Whole planet coupling between climate, mantle, and core: Implications for rocky planet evolution

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