Natural Vegetation: Forests and Grasslands of North-East India

Dikshit, K. R.; Dikshit, Jutta K.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7055-3_9

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Except for Assam, more than half the geographical area of all NE states is forest. The NE is also one of the two biodiversity hotspots in India [19]. The total population of the region is 45,161,611 (2011 census) and the distribution is not homogeneous.…”

Section: Geography Of North-east (Ne) Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria in North-East India: Importance and Implications in the Era of Elimination

Sarma¹,

Mohapatra

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2019

Microorganisms

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Worldwide and in India, malaria elimination efforts are being ramped up to eradicate the disease by 2030. Malaria elimination efforts in North-East (NE) India will have a great bearing on the overall efforts to eradicate malaria in the rest of India. The first cases of chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance were reported in NE India, and the source of these drug resistant parasites are most likely from South East Asia (SEA). NE India is the only land route through which the parasites from SEA can enter the Indian mainland. India’s malaria drug policy had to be constantly updated due to the emergence of drug resistant parasites in NE India. Malaria is highly endemic in many parts of NE India, and Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for the majority of the cases. Highly efficient primary vectors and emerging secondary vectors complicate malaria elimination efforts in NE India. Many of the high transmission zones in NE India are tribal belts, and are difficult to access. The review details the malaria epidemiology in seven NE Indian states from 2008 to 2018. In addition, the origin and evolution of resistance to major anti-malarials are discussed. Furthermore, the bionomics of primary vectors and emergence of secondary malaria vectors, and possible strategies to prevent and control malaria in NE are outlined.

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Section: Geography Of North-east (Ne) Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria in North-East India: Importance and Implications in the Era of Elimination

Sarma¹,

Mohapatra

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2019

Microorganisms

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“…The Indus (tributaries in India), Ganges, and Brahmaputra's flood plains predominantly have wet grasslands, a system regulated by the annual flood regime (Dikshit & Dikshit, 2013). Two species of Grass Babblers recently split from a species complex (Olsson et al, 2013; Rasmussen & Anderton, 2005; Ryan et al, 2006) inhabit these grasslands with AOH <5% of their published ranges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the area of habitat to assess the extent of protection of India's birds

et al. 2022

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India hosts multiple global biodiversity hotspots while being one of the most populous countries in the world. Here, we examine how well India has protected its avifauna, based on the fraction of their ranges falling within “protected areas.” India has protected 5% of its land this way. The issue is whether India has done better than expected in protecting its threatened species. To this end, we assessed 99 Near Threatened, Threatened, and small‐ranged species by estimating their Area of Habitat (AOH). We refined published species ranges using secondary information on elevation limits and habitat preferences. More than half (52) of the species assessed have their AOH <30% of their published ranges, while 31 have <10%. India has protected 87 threatened species' AOH more than expected (>5%), and for 33 species, the proportion protected exceeds the Aichi target (>17%). When we consider the top 10% richest regions as hotspots, only 9.2% of their total area falls under India's protected area network, inadequately covering areas with most threatened birds. We also discuss the conservation concerns for grassland and open habitat species across India, since we find that substantial proportions of their AOHs fall outside protected areas. This result highlights the significance of alternative conservation models, including other effective area‐based conservation measures. We show that species' AOH provides a more realistic well‐informed range that can aid in assessing their protection status.

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“…The maximum lightning activity (>50 flashes km −2 yr −1 ) occurs at elevations of about 400-2500 m in the NW, but only at about 100-400 m in the NE. Most of the NE region of India has 50-80% of its area under forests (Dikshit and Dikshit 2014). Vegetation cover over the NW and the NE is drastically different due to dry conditions in the NW and moist conditions with high rain in the NE.…”

Section: Variability Of Lightning Activity and Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of lightning in relation to topography and vegetation cover over the dry and moist regions in the Himalayas

et al. 2019

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The impacts of elevation, terrain slope and vegetation cover on lightning activity are investigated for contrasting environments in the northeast (NE) (21-29 • N; 86-94 • E) and the northwest (NW) (28-36 • N; 70-78 • E) regions of the Himalayan range. Lightning activity is more at a higher terrain slope/elevation in the dry NW region where vegetation cover is less, whereas it is more at a lower terrain slope/elevation in the moist NE region where vegetation cover is more. In the wet NE, 86% (84%) of the annual lightning flash rate density (LFRD) occurs at an elevation <500 m (terrain slope <2%) and then sharply falls off at a higher elevation (terrain slope). However, only 49% (47%) of LFRD occurs at an elevation of <500 m (terrain slope <2%) and then rather gradually falls off at a higher elevation (terrain slope) in the dry NW. The ratio of the percentages of LFRD and elevation points is much higher in the NW than in the NE above an elevation of ∼1000 m. The impacts of terrain slope and elevation in enhancing the lightning activity are stronger in the dry NW than in the moist NE. The correlation coefficient of the LFRD with the normalised difference vegetation index is higher in the NW than in the NE on both the regional and annual scales. Results are discussed as a caution in using any single climate variable as a proxy for projecting a change in the lightning-climate relationships in the scenario of global warming.

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Natural Vegetation: Forests and Grasslands of North-East India

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Malaria in North-East India: Importance and Implications in the Era of Elimination

Malaria in North-East India: Importance and Implications in the Era of Elimination

Using the area of habitat to assess the extent of protection of India's birds

Distribution of lightning in relation to topography and vegetation cover over the dry and moist regions in the Himalayas

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