Natural variability or anthropogenically-induced variation? Insights from 15 years of multidisciplinary observations at the arctic marine LTER site HAUSGARTEN

Soltwedel, Thomas; Bauerfeind, Eduard; Bergmann, Melanie; Bracher, Astrid; Budaeva, Nataliya; Busch, Katarzyna; Cherkasheva, Alexandra; Fahl, Kirsten; Grzelak, Katarzyna; Hasemann, Christiane; Jacob, Marianne; Kraft, Angelina; Lalande, Catherine; Metfies, Katja; Nöthig, Eva‐Maria; Meyer, Kirstin S.; Quéric, N.; Schewe, Ingo; Włodarska‐Kowalczuk, Maria; Klages, Michaël

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.001

Cited by 149 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…Regions of particularly rapid change are the outflow shelves of the Arctic Ocean, including Baffin Bay. Over the past two decades, rapid sea-ice loss as well as warming, freshening, and associated changes in productivity patterns have been documented in these near-shore Arctic regions (Straneo and Heimbach 2013;Bergeron and Tremblay 2014;Soltwedel et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observational data are indispensable to estimate the potential effects of climate change on Arctic phytoplankton assemblages. However, even on decadal timescales, it is challenging to disentangle natural variability from anthropologically induced changes in the environment (Soltwedel et al 2015). Experimental assessments of the various cause-effect relationships regarding single and interactive environmental drivers are thus needed to evaluate the consequences of climate change for ecosystem structure and functioning in the Arctic Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

et al. 2017

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The Arctic Ocean is a region particularly prone to ongoing ocean acidification (OA) and climate-driven changes. The influence of these changes on Arctic phytoplankton assemblages, however, remains poorly understood. In order to understand how OA and enhanced irradiances (e.g., resulting from sea-ice retreat) will alter the species composition, primary production, and ecophysiology of Arctic phytoplankton, we conducted an incubation experiment with an assemblage from Baffin Bay (71°N, 68°W) under different carbonate chemistry and irradiance regimes. Seawater was collected from just below the deep Chl a maximum, and the resident phytoplankton were exposed to 380 and 1000 latm pCO 2 at both 15 and 35% incident irradiance. On-deck incubations, in which temperatures were 6°C above in situ conditions, were monitored for phytoplankton growth, biomass stoichiometry, net primary production, photo-physiology, and taxonomic composition. During the 8-day experiment, taxonomic diversity decreased and the diatom Chaetoceros socialis became increasingly dominant irrespective of light or CO 2 levels. We found no statistically significant effects from either higher CO 2 or light on physiological properties of phytoplankton during the experiment. We did, however, observe an initial 2-day stress response in all treatments, and slight photo-physiological responses to higher CO 2 and light during the first five days of the incubation. Our results thus indicate high resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to OA and enhanced irradiance levels, challenging the commonly predicted stimulatory effects of enhanced CO 2 and light availability for primary production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

et al. 2017

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“…Although the WSC shows pronounced inter-annual variability in primary productivity, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and composition Carstensen et al, 2012;Kwasniewski et al, 2012), large changes in phytoplankton and zooplankton were associated with the warm water anomaly from 2005 to 2007 (Beszczynska- Moller et al, 2012;Nöthig et al, 2015;Soltwedel et al, 2016). This is best reflected in the longterm data set of the HAUSGARTEN observatory at 79 • N, 4 • E (Long-Term Ecological Research in the deep Arctic Ocean) that demonstrated a shift in phytoplankton community structure and in the composition of the sedimenting particulate carbon (Alcaraz et al, 2010;Lalande et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Plankton Community Changes during a Warm Water Anomaly in Arctic Waters Show Altered Trophic Pathways with Minimal Changes in Carbon Export

et al. 2017

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Carbon flow through pelagic food webs is an expression of the composition, biomass and activity of phytoplankton as primary producers. In the near future, severe environmental changes in the Arctic Ocean are expected to lead to modifications of phytoplankton communities. Here, we used a combination of linear inverse modeling and ecological network analysis to study changes in food webs before, during, and after an anomalous warm water event in the eastern Fram Strait of the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) that resulted in a shift from diatoms to flagellates during the summer (June-July). The model predicts substantial differences in the pathways of carbon flow in diatom-vs. Phaeocystis/nanoflagellate-dominated phytoplankton communities, but relatively small differences in carbon export. The model suggests a change in the zooplankton community and activity through increasing microzooplankton abundance and the switching of meso-and macrozooplankton feeding from strict herbivory to omnivory, detritivory and coprophagy. When small cells and flagellates dominated, the phytoplankton carbon pathway through the food web was longer and the microbial loop more active. Furthermore, one step was added in the flow from phytoplankton to mesozooplankton, and phytoplankton carbon to higher trophic levels is available via detritus or microzooplankton. Model results highlight how specific changes in phytoplankton community composition, as expected in a climate change scenario, do not necessarily lead to a reduction in carbon export.

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“…HAUSGARTEN observatory displays 21 permanent stations covering a water depth range of 300 to 5500 m water depth [4]. The central HAUSGARTEN station at about 79° N, 04° E in the eastern Fram Strait (approx.…”

Section: Frammentioning

confidence: 99%

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et al. 2016

OCEANS 2016 MTS/IEEE Monterey

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-TRAMPER is an autonomous benthic crawler equipped with oxygen sensors to perform long-term flux time series measurements at abyssal depth. The crawler is developed within the HGF-Alliance ROBEX. TRAMPER has five main subsystems: the titanium frame with the flotation, the caterpillar drive system, recovery and communication systems, energy and electronics and a multi-optode profiler as the scientific payload. A lithium-ion battery pack provides the energy to run an oxygen profiling system performing consecutive measurements (>52 cycles) along its transecting moving on the seafloor. This new generation of optode-based oxygen monitoring system allows using 18 oxygen optodes and is able to perform in situ calibrations. A video-guided launching system is used to deploy the crawler at the seafloor. At the seafloor the pre-programmed mission scenario is performed consisting of consecutive sleeping, moving and measurement cycles. The aim is to cover a seasonal cycle of settling organic matter on the seafloor and to resolve the impact on the benthic community respiration activity.

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Natural variability or anthropogenically-induced variation? Insights from 15 years of multidisciplinary observations at the arctic marine LTER site HAUSGARTEN

Cited by 149 publications

References 84 publications

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

Models of Plankton Community Changes during a Warm Water Anomaly in Arctic Waters Show Altered Trophic Pathways with Minimal Changes in Carbon Export

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