Natural Resistance to Helminthic Infections

Ackert, J. E.

doi:10.2307/3272827

Cited by 41 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Leakage of plasma proteins into the duodenum of infected chickens could increase endogenous N loss. A. galli is not considered haematophagous, but blood loss from heavily infected chickens, resulting from larval activities in the mucosa, has been reported (Ackert, 1942). On the other hand, Ikeme (1971) using similar infection levels to those used in the present experiments, concluded that A. galli had no significant effect on haematocrit, haemoglobin or plasma protein values.…”

Section: Deficientmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…On the other hand, Ikeme (1971) using similar infection levels to those used in the present experiments, concluded that A. galli had no significant effect on haematocrit, haemoglobin or plasma protein values. Secretion of intestinal mucus appears to be stimulated by A. galli infection (Ackert, 1942) and if N secreted in mucus (mainly as mucoproteins) in response to infection was not reabsorbed, then N retention could be reduced.…”

Section: Deficientmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Energy and nitrogen metabolism of diseased chickens: Interaction ofAscaridia galliinfestation and vitamin a status

Walker

Farrell

1976

British Poultry Science

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1. Effects of Ascaridia galli infection on the energy and nitrogen (N) metabolism were studied on groups of 5 cross-bred cockerels aged about 5 weeks and given a diet deficient or adequate in vitamin A at two levels of feeding in respiration chambers. 2. Metabolisability of dietary energy was 67% and N retention 33% in infected chickens compared with 71 and 41% respectively, in uninfected chickens. 3. Maintenance energy requirement of vitamin A-deficient birds was 882 kJ/kgW d compared with 998 kJ/kgW d for normal birds. N balance of the deficient chickens was also less when compared at the same energy balance. Infection did not affect maintenance energy requirement nor N balance. 4. Starvation heat production of infected chickens (619 kJ/kgW d) was higher than that of uninfected controls (586 kJ/kgW d). When infection treatments were combined, vitamin A-adequate chickens had a higher heat production (615 kJ/kg d) than the vitamin A-deficient (580 kJ/kgW d). Endogenous N excretion (mg/gW) was less in vitamin A-deficient than in adequate, starved birds. 5. Deficient chickens had undetectable liver reserves of vitamin A and only very low plasma concentrations. There was a difference in the length of larvae (17 d after infection) associated with vitamin A status, and with level of feeding.

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Section: Deficientmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Deficientmentioning

confidence: 97%

Energy and nitrogen metabolism of diseased chickens: Interaction ofAscaridia galliinfestation and vitamin a status

Walker

Farrell

1976

British Poultry Science

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“…During the development of A. galli, worms are likely to disturb nutrient digestion by the host, which in turn reduces its growth rate. To a certain degree, worms reduce the nutritional reserves of the host and at the same time the toxins of A. galli adversely influence enzyme systems in the intestinal mucosa and interfere with normal absorptive processes (Ackert, 1942;Vassilev et al, 1973). A decrease in gain in body weight in chickens infected with A. galli is assumed to be proportional to the number of worms:…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of glycine–metal compounds on Ascaridia galli-infected chickens expressed by a kinetic model

Gabrashanska

Teodorova²,

Gálvez-Morros³

et al. 2004

J. Helminthol.

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The biogenic elements zinc, manganese and cobalt are essential for metabolic processes in animals. Compounds of nGly.Me2+A. mH2O (Me2+=Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+; A=Cl(-), SO4(2-), n=1, 2; m=2, 5), as supplements in the diet, were used separately on different experimental groups of male Hisex chickens to correct the mineral deficiency caused by Ascaridia galli infections. An amelioration of body weight gain, reduction of mortality and restoration of trace element levels were estimated in infected chickens. A mathematical model has been proposed for A. galli population kinetics in chickens, taking into account the stimulating effect of these elements on the nematodes. The model parameters are considered as phenomenological constants of the host-parasite system. An agreement with experimental data is observed using, for the parameters psi, alpha, micro and micros, values equal to those calculated in previously investigated A. galli-chicken systems. For parameter nu (immunological constant) the same value was obtained as in a previous experiment with high infection. This model is likely to be suitable for a range of host-nematode systems, including varying degrees of infection and treatment with different trace elements.

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“…During the development of A. galli, worms are likely to disturb the nutrient digestibility of the host, which in turn reduces its growth rate. To a certain degree, worms reduce the nutritional reserves of the host and at the same time the toxins of A. galli adversely influence enzyme systems in the intestinal mucosa and interfere with normal absorptive processes (Ackert, 1942;Vassilev et al, 1973). The decrease in gain in body weight in chickens infected with A. galli is assumed to be proportional to the number of worms:…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cobalt compounds on uninfected and Ascaridia galli-infected chickens: a kinetic model for Ascaridia galli populations and chicken growth

2002

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The effect of dietary cobalt from three different sources on uninfected and Ascaridia galli-infected Hisex chickens, has been studied. The chicken diet was supplemented with 0.06 Co2+ kg-1 food either in the form of two glycine-cobalt compounds or mixed zinc-cobalt basic salt. An excess of dietary cobalt in small doses increases the gain of body weight and decreases host mortality. A greater bioefficiency of cobalt was established in infected chickens. A mathematical model has been used to provide a quantitative interpretation of the observed results. The model solutions of the kinetics of worm numbers and body weight are in a good agreement with experimental data. The model is valid for different degrees of A. galli infections and for treatment with different trace elements. The value of the kinetic parameter, regarded as a phenomenological constant of the host immune response, depends on the degree of infection.

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Natural Resistance to Helminthic Infections

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Energy and nitrogen metabolism of diseased chickens: Interaction ofAscaridia galliinfestation and vitamin a status

Energy and nitrogen metabolism of diseased chickens: Interaction ofAscaridia galliinfestation and vitamin a status

Effects of glycine–metal compounds on Ascaridia galli-infected chickens expressed by a kinetic model

The effect of cobalt compounds on uninfected and Ascaridia galli-infected chickens: a kinetic model for Ascaridia galli populations and chicken growth

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