Natural regions of Japan

Yoshino, Masatoshi

doi:10.1007/bf00705523

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The available archaeobotanical data from Kanto argue against a single Yayoi subsistence model and substantiate the hypothesis by Crawford and Takamiya (1990) that the Yayoi diet is marked by regional differences. This is in accordance with the variety of natural environments across the Japanese islands (Yoshino 1980) and the regional cultural diversity of the preceding Jomon period that amalgamated with cultural traits from the Asian mainland to form a heterogeneous 'Yayoi cultural landscape' (Ishikawa 2017). In view of the available evidence we postulate that in Japan the spread/ adoption of an agricultural lifestyle in which rice was not the predominant crop is related to the distribution pattern of the indigenous hunter-fisher-gatherer populations of Final Jomon (ca.…”

Section: Rice Versus Millet Cultivationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Crop cultivation of Middle Yayoi culture communities (fourth century bce–first century ce) in the Kanto region, eastern Japan, inferred from a radiocarbon-dated archaeobotanical record

Leipe

Endo

Kuramochi

et al. 2020

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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AMS-dated archaeobotanical assemblages from hearth deposits of Middle Yayoi (fourth century bce–first century ce) cultural layers of the Maenakanishi site (36°09′N, 139°24′E) in northern Saitama Prefecture demonstrate that besides rice, foxtail and broomcorn millet were the most important staple crops during the second and first centuries bce. The reliance on less demanding dry-field crops at Maenakanishi and other Early to Middle Yayoi settlements in north-western Kanto and the Central Highlands in eastern central Japan contrasts with concurrent agricultural production in western and north-eastern (Tohoku) Japan, where rice cultivation generally dominated and millets apparently played a minor role. Two factors, which likely influenced this pattern, are the uneven density distribution and the cultural heterogeneity of indigenous non-agricultural Jomon populations during the formation and spread of the Yayoi culture (tenth/fourth century bce–250 ce) brought to the Japanese islands by farmers from the Asian mainland. In western Japan the spread of rice cultivation was likely promoted by low Jomon population densities. The higher importance of foxtail and broomcorn millet at Maenakanishi may be explained by cultural influence from the northern Central Highlands. Early agricultural communities in this region appear to have preferred these newcomer crops that required less labour and organisational efforts.

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Section: Rice Versus Millet Cultivationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Crop cultivation of Middle Yayoi culture communities (fourth century bce–first century ce) in the Kanto region, eastern Japan, inferred from a radiocarbon-dated archaeobotanical record

Leipe

Endo

Kuramochi

et al. 2020

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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“…The area occupied by C. torrentis s.l. spans a broad range of climatic conditions, and environmental variables can be strikingly different between its northernmost and southernmost localities (Yoshino, 1980). Although it can be characterized as a temperate to cold temperate species complex, in southernmost areas (Kyushu, Shikoku, southern Honshu) it is restricted to higher altitudes and/or cold deep valleys (our pers.…”

Section: Cytotype Diversity and Distribution Patternsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Cytotype diversity and genome size variation in eastern Asian polyploid Cardamine (Brassicaceae) species

et al. 2009

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† Background and Aims Intraspecific ploidy-level variation is an important aspect of a species' genetic make-up, which may lend insight into its evolutionary history and future potential. The present study explores this phenomenon in a group of eastern Asian Cardamine species. † Methods Plant material was sampled from 59 localities in Japan and Korea, which were used in karyological (chromosome counting) and flow cytometric analyses. The absolute nuclear DNA content (in pg) was measured using propidium iodide and the relative nuclear DNA content (in arbitrary units) was measured using 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole fluorochrome. † Key Results Substantial cytotype diversity was found, with strikingly different distribution patterns between the species. Two cytotypes were found in C. torrentis sensu lato (4x and 8x, in C. valida and C. torrentis sensu stricto, respectively), which displays a north-south geographical pattern in Japan. Hypotheses regarding their origin and colonization history in the Japanese archipelago are discussed. In Korean C. amaraeiformis, only tetraploids were found, and these populations may in fact belong to C. valida. C. yezoensis was found to harbour as many as six cytotypes in Japan, ranging from hexa-to dodecaploids. Ploidy levels do not show any obvious geographical pattern; populations with mixed ploidy levels, containing two to four cytotypes, are frequently observed throughout the range. C. schinziana, an endemic of Hokkaido, has hexa-and octoploid populations. Previous chromosome records are also revised, showing that they are largely based on misidentified material or misinterpreted names. † Conclusions Sampling of multiple populations and utilization of the efficient flow cytometric approach allowed the detection of large-scale variation in ploidy levels and genome size variation attributable to aneuploidy. These data will be essential in further phylogenetic and evolutionary studies.

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“…Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that the Japanese Pomatiopsinae derived from the multiple colonization from the Eurasian Continent and subsequent habitat shift to the terrestrial life occurred at least twice within the Japanese endemic lineages (clades I and II; Figure 4 ). The evolution of terrestriality possibly occurred beside mountain streamlets of snowy regions, where snow coverage shelters the ground surface from winter desiccation and coldness [ 51 , 54 ]. The estimated divergence time also suggested that diversification of the endemic clades began in the Late Miocene, which is the period corresponding to the orogenesis of the Japanese Archipelago and expansion of the Japan Sea (Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial invasion of pomatiopsid gastropods in the heavy-snow region of the Japanese Archipelago

Kameda

Katô

2011

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundGastropod mollusks are one of the most successful animals that have diversified in the fully terrestrial habitat. They have evolved terrestrial taxa in more than nine lineages, most of which originated during the Paleozoic or Mesozoic. The rissooidean gastropod family Pomatiopsidae is one of the few groups that have evolved fully terrestrial taxa during the late Cenozoic. The pomatiopsine diversity is particularly high in the Japanese Archipelago and the terrestrial taxa occur only in this region. In this study, we conducted thorough samplings of Japanese pomatiopsid species and performed molecular phylogenetic analyses to explore the patterns of diversification and terrestrial invasion.ResultsMolecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that Japanese Pomatiopsinae derived from multiple colonization of the Eurasian Continent and that subsequent habitat shifts from aquatic to terrestrial life occurred at least twice within two Japanese endemic lineages. Each lineage comprises amphibious and terrestrial species, both of which are confined to the mountains in heavy-snow regions facing the Japan Sea. The estimated divergence time suggested that diversification of these terrestrial lineages started in the Late Miocene, when active orogenesis of the Japanese landmass and establishment of snowy conditions began.ConclusionsThe terrestrial invasion of Japanese Pomatiopsinae occurred at least twice beside the mountain streamlets of heavy-snow regions, which is considered the first case of this event in the area. Because snow coverage maintains stable temperatures and high humidity on the ground surface, heavy-snow conditions may have paved the way for these organisms from freshwater to land via mountain streamlets by preventing winter desiccation in mountain valleys. The fact that the terrestrialization of Pomatiopsidae occurred only in year-round wet environments, but not in seasonally dried regions, provides new insight into ancient molluscan terrestrialization.

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Natural regions of Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Crop cultivation of Middle Yayoi culture communities (fourth century bce–first century ce) in the Kanto region, eastern Japan, inferred from a radiocarbon-dated archaeobotanical record

Crop cultivation of Middle Yayoi culture communities (fourth century bce–first century ce) in the Kanto region, eastern Japan, inferred from a radiocarbon-dated archaeobotanical record

Cytotype diversity and genome size variation in eastern Asian polyploid Cardamine (Brassicaceae) species

Terrestrial invasion of pomatiopsid gastropods in the heavy-snow region of the Japanese Archipelago

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