Natural regeneration of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) with respect to canopy density, soil moisture and soil carbon content

Madsen, Palle; Larsen, Jørgen Falck

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00091-1

Cited by 89 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The natural regeneration of forest communities is a complex process driven by different factors and shaped by the ecological and demographic characteristics of the species, disturbance history and stochastic events (Paluch 2005). Regeneration involves many stages in the life cycle of plants, from the budding of flowers to the survival and recruitment of established seedlings (Madsen and Larsen 1997). The success of each stage, with the seed and seedling stages recognized as the most important (Houle 1996), depends in turn on the interactions of many site factors (Kitajima and Fenner 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include both climatic factors such as temperature, humidity and radiation regimes during the growing season, and soil factors such as soil moisture, depth of the humus layer and soil texture, which affect water and nutrient availability at the soil surface and in the soil horizon (Rojo and Montero 1996). Topography, which influences temperature and water regimes (Madsen and Larsen 1997), understory cover (Dobrowolska 1998;Kitzberger 2000) and the formation of a soil seed bank (Enrico et al 2004) also significantly affect the establishment and survival of tree seedlings. The impact of herbivores (Paluch 2005), pathogens (Auspurguer 1983) and competition with grass (De Steven 1991) can hinder regeneration success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural regeneration attempts had to be abandoned in some harvested stands and replaced by planting or sowing because of unsatisfactory natural seedling establishment (Hyppönen et al 2005). The key to fully unlocking the potential of this method is found in determining the suitability of sites for natural regeneration (Madsen and Larsen 1997). The effects of forest management on natural regeneration are poorly understood in the case of Pinus pinaster.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

2010

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Background:Research on natural regeneration is crucial for the development of sustainable forestry practices, in light of the global climate changes taking place. In this study one hundred and fifty-one plots were sampled in six Pinus pinaster stands that were naturally regenerated by the seed-tree method in Mediterranean forests in central Spain. Objective:The objectives of the survey were to study the suitability of different forest stands designated for natural regeneration as well as to analyse seedling establishment and the relationship between regeneration and different site factors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis with canonical ordination techniques were employed. Full and partial redundancy analyses (RDAs) on a correlation matrix were used to carry out a direct gradient analysis of regeneration density as a function of site factors.Results: Nearly all stands presented seedling densities over 2000 seedlings/ha and were thus found to be suitable for natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster by the seed-tree selection method. Significant variables that best explained total seedling and viable seedling density were spring and autumn precipitation of the year prior to establishment, spring and summer precipitation of the year of establishment, and percentage cover of litter. There were no signs of competition between shrubs and seedlings, but a negative significant correlation with grass cover was observed. Pinus pinaster natural regeneration was successful with the seed-tree method, although it appeared to be highly dependent on climate and stand conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

2010

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“…The ecological requirements for beech establishment and development in forest stands have been studied in different site conditions [9,20,28,29]. A light value of about 40% of incident radiation at ground level has generally been reported as optimal for beech seedling growth [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition for water between beech seedlings and surrounding vegetation in different light and vegetation composition conditions

Coll¹,

Balandier²,

Picon‐Cochard³

et al. 2003

Ann. For. Sci.

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-To gain a better understanding of beech growth requirements and assess the competition with the surrounding vegetation at two successional stages after agricultural land abandonment, we introduced two-year-old beech seedlings (i) in a recently abandoned meadow (one half weeded) and (ii) in an old meadow colonised by 25-year-old natural Scots pine, with one part thinned to increase light availability at ground level. Beech seedlings presented significantly different stem diameter growth rates according to vegetation composition (grasses or dicotyledon species) and light availability for both successional stages. Grass species, which developed efficient strategies to extract soil water, competed strongly with beech seedling compared with dicotyledon species. Water competition led to a strong reduction of beech diameter growth. For a given vegetation composition, increasing light availability improved beech growth. competition / Fagus sylvatica L. / understorey vegetation / grasses / root development / soil water contentResume -Compétition pour l'eau entre de jeunes hêtres et la végétation environnante en fonction du niveau de lumière et de la composition de la végétation. Afin de mieux comprendre les conditions de croissance du hêtre et d'évaluer l'impact de la compétition par la végétation à deux stades de la succession végétale après abandon de terres agricoles, des plants de hêtre de deux ans ont été introduits : (i) dans une prairie récemment abandonnée (dont la moitié était désherbée) et (ii) dans une prairie abandonnée plus anciennement et colonisée par un boisement naturel de pin sylvestre de 25 ans (en partie éclairci pour obtenir différents niveaux d'éclairement au niveau du sol). Le taux de croissance en diamètre des jeunes plants de hêtre a été significativement différente en fonction de la composition de la végétation (graminées ou dicotylédones) et de l'éclairement. Les graminées ont la capacité de puiser l'eau très efficacement dans le sol en comparaison des dicotylédones, ce qui les rend très compétitives vis-à-vis des jeunes hêtres. Cette compétition a diminué la croissance en diamètre des jeunes plants. Par contre, à composition égale de la végétation, la croissance des plants de hêtre augmente avec le niveau d'éclairement. compétition / Fagus sylvatica L. / végétation forestière / graminées / croissance racinaire / teneur en eau du sol

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“…Madsen and Larsen 1997;Fotelli et al 2001;Rose et al 2009). In the elevated temperature treatment (24°C), the productivity was reduced by 40% when exposed to 6 vol.% instead of 12 vol.% soil moisture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple environmental control of leaf area and its significance for productivity in beech saplings

Fender

Mantilla-Contreras

Leuschner

2011

Trees

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Climatic change exposes temperate trees to the simultaneous alteration of various growth-relevant factors, among them increased temperatures, extended growing season length and rising atmospheric [CO 2 ], often in combination with more severe droughts and reduced air humidities in summer, and elevated atmospheric N deposition. We conducted a multi-factorial climate chamber experiment to search for interactive effects of temperature (T), soil moisture (h), water vapour saturation deficit (VPD) and N availability (N) on the growth of Fagus sylvatica saplings and for identifying the most relevant factors that control leaf area development and productivity under a future warmer and drier climate with continuing high N deposition. For each of the four factors, two levels were simulated, reflecting current and expected future conditions in Central European beech forests. All four factors (including VPD) had a significant effect on productivity; several factors (e.g. T 9 VPD) interacted in a synergistic way. Productivity was most tightly correlated with the number of leaves while leaf area was less influential and photosynthetic activity was of only minor importance. The number of leaves produced was most tightly correlated with h, N and VPD, while leaf area (leaf expansion) showed closest relation to temperature. We conclude that predictions about the growth response of trees to climate change and altered atmospheric N deposition need to consider a multitude of environmental factors and must account for positive and negative factor interactions.

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Natural regeneration of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) with respect to canopy density, soil moisture and soil carbon content

Cited by 89 publications

References 8 publications

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

Competition for water between beech seedlings and surrounding vegetation in different light and vegetation composition conditions

Multiple environmental control of leaf area and its significance for productivity in beech saplings

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