Natural radioactivity and radon exhalation rate in Brazilian igneous rocks

Moura, Carla; Artur, Antônio Carlos; Bonotto, Daniel Marcos; Guedes, S.; Martinelli, C.S.M.

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.03.004

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Brazilian assessments, BR2 [3] and BR3 [36]. As can be observed, Brazilian samples tend to present higher Raeq average values than those observed abroad.…”

Section: Radiological Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…uranium, thorium and radium, relative to those formed in the mantle. This phenomenon is a consequence of magma partial fusion and fractioned crystallization processes that concentrated them in the silica-enhanced liquid phase [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such aspect has been causing health concerns as an elevation of toxicity risk in these places may occur [3]. The European Union, for example, has a proper legislation regarding natural radioactivity in building materials, which establishes the gamma activity concentration index as an assessment tool [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiological hazard indices and elemental composition of Brazilian and Swiss ornamental rocks

Hajj¹,

Silva²,

Gandolla³

et al. 2017

Braz. J. Rad. Sci.

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“…Brazilian assessments, BR2 [3] and BR3 [36]. As can be observed, Brazilian samples tend to present higher Raeq average values than those observed abroad.…”

Section: Radiological Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Radiological hazard indices and elemental composition of Brazilian and Swiss ornamental rocks

Hajj¹,

Silva²,

Gandolla³

et al. 2017

Braz. J. Rad. Sci.

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“…The high hill of Cameron Highlands, Malaysia sit on the intermediate igneous rock mountain range (Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, 1970). Being igneous in origin the soil is known to contain natural radionuclides of uranium and thorium origins and 40 K (Ademola et al, 2010;Anjos et al, 2005;El-Arabi 2007;Moura et al, 2011). With high altitude of more than 1100 m from sea level, it is suspected that the anthropogenic radionuclide 137 Cs also deposited in the soil (Lettner et al, 2006;McGee et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Profile of C, N, P, K and Radionuclides in Soil Collected from Highland Tea Plantation Areas

Hamzah

Riduan

Saat

2011

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: Cameron Highlands is a well known agricultural area in Peninsular Malaysia. Long term usage of fertilizer has caused accumulation of major elemental component in the soil. This accumulation will cause enrichment of the nutrient in the catchment located at downstream of the river through runoff. Approach: Two tea plantations on the upstream with hilly condition plantation were selected as the location for monitoring the accumulation of the major nutrient component N, P and K. C was also determined to estimate the total organic content in the soil. Natural radionuclides i.e., 226 Ra, 228 Ra and 40 K were also determined and anthropogenic radionuclides 137 Cs were detectable. The samples were measured using Elemental Analyzer, Energy Dispersive X-rays Fluorescence (EDXRF) and gamma spectrometer. The data set were analyzed using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) to check the distribution and elemental sources. Results: The trend for all depth profile measurement results shown monotonically trend through the depth where it shown no observable trend except for C, N, P and 137 Cs decreasing through the depth. PCA results indicate that there are two sources for plantation A and three sources for plantation B that led to the accumulation of these elements. Three clusters of group element were found for both tea plantation area and the major sources are from fertilizer, natural occurring and atmospheric natural process. The model for C, N and P was found to be exponentially proportional to the depth with removing mixing layer. Conclusion: The range of concentrations for measured elements shows that the concentrations of elements in tea plantation B are higher than in tea plantation A. All depth profile gives monotonically trend except for C, N, P and 137 Cs since these elements were added to the soil. C, N and P are decreasing exponentially with depth. The amount of 137 Cs was found to be detectable for both study locations and it was from the fall out of nuclear explosion. Other radionuclides seem to be from natural existence and atmospheric natural process.

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“…Many investigations on the radioactivity levels of granitic rocks, used or potentially used as decorative and building materials, can be found in the recent literature (Tzortzis et al, 2003;Anjos et al, 2005;Örgün et al, 2005, 2007Salas et al, 2006;Mao et al, 2006;Pavlidou et al, 2006;Xinwei et al, 2006;Kitto et al, 2009;Anjos et al, 2011;Karadeniz et al, 2011;Marocchi et al, 2011;Moura et al, 2011;Amin, 2012;Cetin et al, 2012;Papadopoulos et al, 2012Papadopoulos et al, , 2013Turhan, 2012;Iwaoka et al, 2013;Karadeniz and Akal, 2014;Angi et al, 2016;Erkul et al, 2016). Japan, Brazil, Italy, the United States, and China are the dominating countries of the granite trade worldwide.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of natural radioactivity and assessment of radioactive dose of Western Anatolian plutons, Turkey

Papadopoulos¹,

Altunkaynak²,

Koroneos³

et al. 2016

Turkish J Earth Sci

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IntroductionAll varieties of building materials, including various naturally occurring as well as artificial materials, have varying concentrations of Ra, Th, and K and can cause direct radiation exposure to human beings. Granite, as a market term, includes a wide variety of rock types including plutonic, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks. Granite's durability and appearance make it a popular building material in dwellings. These rocks can contain various amounts of minerals with high Ra, Th, and K concentrations such as zircon, monazite, xenotime, allanite, epidote, or K-feldspars.According to the European Commission (1999), radioactive doses should comply with the ALARA ("as low as reasonably achievable") radioprotection principle. The average annual effective equivalent should be limited to 1.6 mSv. Materials such as granites, potentially containing high concentrations of natural radionuclides, should be studied in order to control the exposure levels for human beings. The limit of 1.6 mSv per year is widely accepted by many international organisations such as the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the European Commission.Natural radionuclides increase both the external (γ-rays) and internal (α-rays) radiation to human beings. 238 U, 232 Th, and 40 K are the main contributors of γ-rays, while α-rays are principally emitted by radon, a decay product of 238 U radioactive series. The Rn isotopes are responsible for roughly half of the radioactive dose exposure from natural sources. Moreover, Rn isotopes are considered as an important cause of lung cancer (UNSCEAR, 2000; WHO, 2009). Many investigations on the radioactivity levels of granitic rocks, used or potentially used as decorative and building materials, can be found in the recent literature

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Natural radioactivity and radon exhalation rate in Brazilian igneous rocks

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Radiological hazard indices and elemental composition of Brazilian and Swiss ornamental rocks

Radiological hazard indices and elemental composition of Brazilian and Swiss ornamental rocks

Vertical Profile of C, N, P, K and Radionuclides in Soil Collected from Highland Tea Plantation Areas

Distribution of natural radioactivity and assessment of radioactive dose of Western Anatolian plutons, Turkey

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