Natural Products Isolated from Various Parts of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) as Therapeutic Agent: A Review

Abstract

T his review provides a comprehensive analysis of the therapeutic potential of natural products derived from mangosteen ( Garcinia mangostana L.). Mangosteen, a tropical fruit native to Southeast Asia, has long been valued for its medicinal properties. The review focuses on the isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from different parts of the plant, including the fruit, rind, and leaves. The bioactive compounds identified in mangosteen exhibit a diverse range of therapeutic activities, making them promising candidates for the development of various therapeutic agents. These compounds include xanthones, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids, among others. Xanthones, in particular, have shown potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective properties. Additionally, they have been reported to have beneficial effects on various chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, and obesity. This review highlights the mechanisms of action underlying the therapeutic effects of mangosteen-derived compounds.