Natural products from medicinal plants: non-alkaloidal natural constituents of the Thalictrum species

Khatoon

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

et al. 2018

BackgroundThe quality of herbal medicine is determined by its secondary metabolites, which may vary according to growth, season and altitude etc.ObjectiveWe studied the variation in phytochemistry and biological activities of Thalictrum foliolosum (TF) roots collected from four sites at different altitudes.Material and methodsThe berberine content in different extracts of T. foliolosum roots collected from various altitudes was estimated using HPTLC. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and aluminum chloride method respectively. The sensitivity of microbes for the extracts was studied using disc diffusion and the MIC was estimated using broth dilution method. Antioxidant capacity of the plant was studied using β-carotene bleaching assay, lipid peroxidation assay using goat liver, reducing power assay and DPPH free radical scavenging activity.ResultsBerberine content varied inversely with altitude; while phenol and flavonoid content of TF increased at higher altitudes. All the TF extracts showed moderate to high activity against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Extracts with high berberine content were most effective against C. albicans and S. aureus and also showed relatively significant anti-lipid peroxidation, β-carotene bleaching and reducing power. TF extracts with higher phenol and flavonoid content showed better scavenging of DPPH free radicals. Berberine was used as a standard in all the antioxidant and antimicrobial experiments performed.ConclusionThalictrum from lower elevations can be explored as an alternate source of berberine and the plant has high antioxidant and antimicrobial properties owing to its berberine content.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Altitudinal variation of berberine, total phenolics and flavonoid content in Thalictrum foliolosum and their correlation with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities

Khatoon

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

et al. 2018

“…Myricetin, a nontoxic dietary flavonoid, could be easily found in many natural foods and medicinal herbs [26,27]. Reports indicate that myricetin does not cause tumor formation in mice and attenuates the number of diol-epoxide-induced pulmonary tumors per mouse [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of recombinant myricetin on the radiosensitivity of lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells

et al. 2014

ObjectiveMyricetin, a common dietary flavonoid is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, and is used as a health food supplement based on its immune function, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of myricetin on combination with radiotherapy enhance radiosensitivity of lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells.MethodsA549 cells and H1299 cells were exposed to X-ray with or without myricetin treatment. Colony formation assays, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and Caspase-3 level detection were used to evaluate the radiosensitization activity of myricetin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. Nude mouse tumor xenograft model was built to assessed radiosensitization effect of myricetin in vivo.ResultsCompared with the exposed group without myricetin treatment, the groups treated with myricetin showed significantly suppressed cell surviving fraction and proliferation, increased the cell apoptosis and increased Caspase-3 protein expression after X-ray exposure in vitro. And in vivo assay, growth speed of tumor xenografts was significantly decreased in irradiated mice treated with myricetin.ConclusionsThe study demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo evidence that combination of myricetin with radiotherapy can enhance tumor radiosensitivity of pulmonary carcinoma A549 and H1299 cells, and myricetin could be a potential radiosensitizer for lung cancer therapy.Virtual slidesThe virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/5791518001210633

“…Certain species of Thalictrum are economically significant in the pharmacological [4] and horticultural industries [38]. The development of this technique will facilitate the study of gene function of clinically relevant secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Thalictrum .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genus exhibits a range of floral morphologies including four breeding systems and two pollination syndromes [2]. Commonly known as “meadow rues”, these perennial woodland herbs have been actively studied for the medicinal value of their secondary metabolites [3], [4], [5]. This lineage is ideally suited for the study of the origins of core eudicot diversity because of: (1) Its basal phylogenetic position within the eudicots and (2) The presence of ancestral floral traits, such as free, uniovulate carpels with ascidiate (open) development and variable number of spirally arranged floral organs [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-Induced Gene Silencing as a Tool for Comparative Functional Studies in Thalictrum

et al. 2010

Perennial woodland herbs in the genus Thalictrum exhibit high diversity of floral morphology, including four breeding and two pollination systems. Their phylogenetic position, in the early-diverging eudicots, makes them especially suitable for exploring the evolution of floral traits and the fate of gene paralogs that may have shaped the radiation of the eudicots. A current limitation in evolution of plant development studies is the lack of genetic tools for conducting functional assays in key taxa spanning the angiosperm phylogeny. We first show that virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of a PHYTOENE DESATURASE ortholog (TdPDS) can be achieved in Thalictrum dioicum with an efficiency of 42% and a survival rate of 97%, using tobacco rattle virus (TRV) vectors. The photobleached leaf phenotype of silenced plants significantly correlates with the down-regulation of endogenous TdPDS (P<0.05), as compared to controls. Floral silencing of PDS was achieved in the faster flowering spring ephemeral T. thalictroides. In its close relative, T. clavatum, silencing of the floral MADS box gene AGAMOUS (AG) resulted in strong homeotic conversions of floral organs. In conclusion, we set forth our optimized protocol for VIGS by vacuum-infiltration of Thalictrum seedlings or dormant tubers as a reference for the research community. The three species reported here span the range of floral morphologies and pollination syndromes present in Thalictrum. The evidence presented on floral silencing of orthologs of the marker gene PDS and the floral homeotic gene AG will enable a comparative approach to the study of the evolution of flower development in this group.