Natural Product Interventions for Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy-Induced Side Effects

Abstract

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the common cancer treatments. However, the development of adverse effects resulting from chemotherapy and radiotherapy hinders the clinical use, and negatively reduces the quality of life in cancer patients. Natural products including crude extracts, bioactive components-enriched fractions and pure compounds prepared from herbs as well as herbal formulas have been proved to prevent and treat cancer. Of significant interest, some natural products can reduce chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis, gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematopoietic system injury, cardiotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. This review focuses in detail on the effectiveness of these natural products, and describes the possible mechanisms of the actions in reducing chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced side effects. Recent advances in the efficacy of natural dietary supplements to counteract these side effects are highlighted. In addition, we draw particular attention to gut microbiotan in the context of prebiotic potential of natural products for the protection against cancer therapy-induced toxicities. We conclude that some natural products are potential therapeutic perspective for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced side effects. Further studies are required to validate the efficacy of natural products in cancer patients, and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms.

ZhenQi FuZheng Formula Improves Mouse Hematopoietic Function after Cyclophosphamide-Induced Damage via Enhancing Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Concentrations

“…Meanwhile, CD19 controls the differentiation and maturation of B lymphocytes helping to maintain the humoral immunity of the human body [41,42]. Severe autoimmune disease, such as hematopoietic dysfunction can be caused by abnormalities in the immune system [43]. Lin − , a speci c marker for juvenile cells, contributes to cell proliferation and differentiation [31,44].…”

Plants and Cancer Treatment

“…vision for doing that is by using natural products (supplements) in concurrent with them [18,29]. Besides, these supplements will significantly reduce the incidence of many side effects like "oral mucositis, gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematopoietic system injury, cardiotoxicity, and neurotoxicity" that can be caused by the use of the pharmacological treatments, and example for these natural supplements are ginseng extract, grape seed extract, and curcumin [18,30].…”

Multifloroside Suppressing Proliferation and Colony Formation, Inducing S Cell Cycle Arrest, ROS Production, and Increasing MMP in Human Epidermoid Carcinoma Cell Lines A431

“…Cancer is currently the second leading cause of death globally [1][2][3]. While great strides have been made in the treatment of cancer in recent decades, we still face many open challenges to existing cancer therapies, such as adaptive resistance [4].…”

“…As previously reported, a total of 232 secoiridoids (glycosides, aglycones, derivatives, and dimers) have been isolated from species in the Oleaceae. Multifloroside (4), together with 10-hydroxyoleoside 11-methyl ester (1), 10-hydroxyoleoside dimethyl ester (2), and 10-hydroxyligustroside (3), are 10oxyderivatives of oleoside secoiridoid (Figure 1), and have been isolated from many Oleaceae plants, such as Osmanthus asiaticus Nakai [15], Jasminum lanceolarium Roxb [16,17], Jasminum multiflorum extract [18], and Jasminum elongatum (Bergius) Willd [19] (Figure 1). These four 10-oxyderivatives of oleoside secoiridoids (1)(2)(3)(4) are similar in structure, with a hydroxyl substituent at 10 position, one of substituents, such as hydroxyl, methyl, p-hydroxy-phenylethyl, or o-hydroxy-p-hydroxyphenylethyl, at 7 position, and one of substituents, such as methyl or o-hydroxy-p-hydroxyphenylethyl, at 11 position.…”