Natural polyphenol-based nanoengineering of collagen-constructed hemoperfusion adsorbent for the excretion of heavy metals

Engineering Antioxidative Cascade Metal-Phenolic Nanozymes for Alleviating Oxidative Stress during Extracorporeal Blood Purification

“…Antioxidative nanozymes engineered polymeric microspheres could be a promising strategy for curing oxidative stress in patients undergoing extracorporeal hemoperfusion. , Herein, inspired by the superior antioxidant capacity of M-TA NMs, we are encouraged to use M-TA NMs as building blocks for developing antioxidative biomaterials for extracorporeal hemoperfusion.…”

“…In the past decades, for mimicking the endogenous enzymes and overcoming their drawbacks (easily affected antioxidative properties by redox microenvironments and pH changes, and specific reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNOS) scavenging activity), artificial enzymes (also termed as nanozymes) have aroused great interest and enthusiasm in oxidative stress treatment due to their high stability and versatile enzyme simulation selectivity. − Until now, various nanozymes, including metal nanoparticles such as platinum, metal oxides such as CeO 2 , , Mn 3 O 4 , , and Fe 3 O 4 , transition metal dichalcogenides, , prussian blue nanoparticles, ,, quantum dots, , single atom catalysts, and metal-phenolic nanozymes, , have been developed for antioxidative applications. For example, the cascade nanozymes have exhibited superior therapeutic efficacy for in vivo inflammatory treatment. − However, the application of artificial enzymes in blood purification is almost nonexistent, which could be ascribed to the following reasons: (1) most reported nanozymes are single components, which hardly prevent oxidative damage completely because the multiple pathways that produce ROS are activated for the CKD patients with maintenance blood purification; , (2) determining the kinds and accurate dosages of nanozymes is complicated due to the inter-patient variability and varied disease states for these patients; (3) once the antioxidative nanozymes with poor biocompatibility enter the blood directly, they will cause blood clots and blockage of blood vessels. − Therefore, an ideal strategy to achieve the oxidative stress treatment in the extracorporeal circulation of blood purification should meet these two requirements: (1) the developed antioxidative nanozymes should effectively scavenge multiple ROS, and (2) the antioxidative process should be temporary and localized, which could prevent the nanozymes going into the bloodstream to induce some potential side effects.…”

Turning Food Protein Waste into Sustainable Technologies

“…Typical water purification technologies are energy-intensive and involve unsustainable synthetic materials. , As a natural-based solution, proteins can be used for water reclamation due to their functionality and adsorption affinity to the broad range of aqueous contaminants . Proteins can be employed for fabricating functional superabsorbents, such as films and hydrogels with a hydrophilic network structure and excellent water holding capacity, which can reach thousands of times their dry weight. − Notably, they possess a strong chelation affinity toward heavy metals due to supramolecular chemical coordination between amino acids available on the protein surface and metal ions. − Moreover, local electrostatic, hydrophobic interactions, , and hydrogen bonding can also play a role in binding events with organic molecules (Figure ). The protein’s primary amino acid residues that contribute to binding with pollutants are cysteine (Cys) and methionine (Met) as sulfhydryl and thioether-containing amino acids, histidine (His) as an imidazole-containing amino acid, aspartic acid (Asp), and glutamic acid (Glu) as carboxyl-containing amino acids, serine (Ser), threonine (Thr), and tyrosine (Tyr) as hydroxyl-containing amino acids …”

A Review of Recent Progress on Collagen‐Based Biomaterials

“…Hemorrhage perfusion is a highly challenging method for efficiently eliminating bilirubin from blood in treating liver failure. [156] Guo et al synthesized a polyphenol-functionalized hemoperfusion adsorbent based on collagen for heavy metals excretion therapy; [157] the adsorbent had high potential for Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , and UO 2 2+ ion adsorption. In the case of hypovolemic shock caused by massive blood loss, plasma substitutes are employed to supplement blood volume and maintain blood pressure.…”