Natural Polymer Template for Low-Cost Producing High-Performance Ti₃C₂T_x MXene Electrodes for Flexible Supercapacitors

Abstract

MXenes, two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides and nitrides with high electrical conductivity, show outstanding potential for energy storage applications. However, the aggregation and restacking of 2D MXene nanosheets seriously decrease the performance of MXene-based electrodes. Instead of using high-cost artificial templates, herein, we select natural rubber (NR) latex-containing uniform sub-macroparticles as sacrificial templates and successfully construct three-dimensional interconnected porous MXene foam. This porous structure effectively prevents the restacking of MXene nanosheets and accelerates the transfer of electrolyte ions during charging and discharging, which significantly enhances capacitance and rate performance. By adjusting the loading of latex, we find that MXene foam (MXF)-70% provides both improved specific capacitance of 480 F g −1 at 2 mV s −1 and superior rate performance (42.1% residual at 1 V s −1 ) with excellent cycling stability of 97.1% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles at 50 mV s −1 . Additionally, the low cost of natural rubber latex provides an alternate route to produce foam electrodes on a large scale for portable and integrated supercapacitors.

PEDOT:PSS/Natural Rubber Latex Inks for Screen‐Printing Multifunctional Wearable Strain–Humidity Sensors

“…[46] In contrast, NRL exhibits a significant weight loss phenomenon at 400 °C. [47] By measuring the weight percentage at around 450 °C, we confirmed the weight ration of PEDOT:PSS and NRL in the composite matches the desired ratio, which also proven the uniform mixing of the composite ink.…”

Morphology and Microwave-Absorbing Performances of Rubber Blends with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Molybdenum Disulfide

“…As shown in Figure S1b , MoS 2 is made of multiple layers with a thickness of about 4.5~53.4 nm. According to the thickness of single-layer MoS 2 reported in the literature (~0.65 nm) [ 34 ], it can be estimated that there are about 7~80 layers stacked, which consists of the data obtained by XRD.…”

Study on 3D printed MXene-berberine-integrated scaffold for photo-activated antibacterial activity and bone regeneration

“…S8, ESI †) showed that the (002) peak of Ti 3 AlC 2 at around 101 was shifted to 6.301 in Ti 3 C 2 with increased lattice parameters, suggesting the increased layer space in Ti 3 C 2 after the etching process, and the XRD pattern of Ti 3 C 2 (in agreement with previous reports) demonstrated the successful fabrication of the Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets. 25,27,49…”

“…26 As described previously, Ti 3 C 2 tended to agglomerate due to the high surface energy and van der Waals forces, which impaired its electrochemical performance. 49,66 Inspired by the combination between the nanoparticles and hydrogel, 67 Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets were involved in the bioinks through the 3D printing and coating method to detect the influence of different methods of modification on the photothermal properties. Composite scaffolds were modified with the same content ratio of Ti 3 C 2 through the coating process and 3D printing process, which were named MX@BS and BMS, respectively (Fig.…”