Natural organic matter (NOM) and turbidity removal by plant-based coagulants: A review

Okoro, B. U.; Sharifi, Soroosh; Jesson, Mike; Bridgeman, John

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.106588

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…The FTIR spectrum of flocs formed from kaolin by biocoagulant, with defined peaks, ( Figure 4 b) showed a broad absorption band in the region of 3550–3427 cm −1 that was attributed to a stretching of the hydroxyl groups (O-H) indicating the presence of hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl groups adhered to the carboxylic terminals of the macromolecule galacturonic acid present in the polysaccharide chains [ 4 ] (reflects the anionic nature of mucilage) and the divalent cations present in the synthetic turbid water [ 2 , 27 ]. The bands observed within the range of 1082 to 866 cm −1 could be attributed to the stretching vibration of the C-O in C-OH of carbohydrates present in mucilage [ 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to its high renewal capacity, biodegradability, lower sludge production, non-toxicity and profitability, the use of coagulants based on natural polysaccharides has emerged as a promising alternative to replace traditional inorganic coagulants, such as ferric sulfate (Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ), aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) and titanium chloride (TiCl), used in water and wastewater treatment [ 1 ]. Inorganic coagulants operate through a mechanism of destabilization of dispersed organic matter by the formation of microflocs, followed by aggregation and subsequent sedimentation by gravity [ 2 ]. However, these coagulants have drawbacks associated with their high costs, adverse effects on human health and production of large amounts of sludge with potential risks to the environment [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Turbidity and Color Removal in Water Treatment: A Comparative Study between Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel Mucilage and FeCl3

et al. 2022

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Natural coagulants derived from by-products have gained popularity as sustainable alternatives to inorganic coagulants in water/wastewater treatment due to their abundant availability, biodegradability, low cost, easy disposal and low sludge volumes. In this study, the mucilage obtained from the peel of Opuntia ficus-indica fruit was evaluated as a biocoagulant for treating synthetic turbid water and compared with a traditional chemical coagulant (FeCl3). The effects of coagulant dosage and pH on the turbidity and color-removal efficiency of synthetic turbid water were analyzed. To estimate the coagulation mechanism, the flocs produced under optimal values were characterized structurally (FTIR and zeta potential) and morphologically (SEM). The optimal condition for the removal of turbidity and color was a coagulant dose of 12 mg/L at pH 13. For the optimal values, the biocoagulant and the FeCl3 presented a maximum removal of 82.7 ± 3.28% and 94.63 ± 0.98% for turbidity and 71.82 ± 2.72% and 79.94 ± 1.77% for color, respectively. The structure and morphology of the flocs revealed that the coagulation mechanism of the mucilage was adsorption and bridging, whereas that of FeCl3 was charge neutralization. The results obtained showed that the mucilage could be used as an alternative coagulant to replace FeCl3.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Turbidity and Color Removal in Water Treatment: A Comparative Study between Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel Mucilage and FeCl3

et al. 2022

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“…Natural resources that possess a higher molecular weight may contain a more extended polymer that increases these natural coagulants' efficiency [13][14][15]. These sources have been extensively studied to treat different types of wastewater, such as textile wastewater, dairy wastewater, and domestic wastewater [16,17]. In addition, coagulants can also be obtained from animal waste such as banes and shells [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Natural Coagulants for Pharmaceutical Removal from Water and Wastewater: A Review

Alazaiza

Albahnasawi

Ali

et al. 2022

Water

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Pharmaceutical contamination threatens both humans and the environment, and several technologies have been adapted for the removal of pharmaceuticals. The coagulation-flocculation process demonstrates a feasible solution for pharmaceutical removal. However, the chemical coagulation process has its drawbacks, such as excessive and toxic sludge production and high production cost. To overcome these shortcomings, the feasibility of natural-based coagulants, due to their biodegradability, safety, and availability, has been investigated by several researchers. This review presented the recent advances of using natural coagulants for pharmaceutical compound removal from aqueous solutions. The main mechanisms of natural coagulants for pharmaceutical removal from water and wastewater are charge neutralization and polymer bridges. Natural coagulants extracted from plants are more commonly investigated than those extracted from animals due to their affordability. Natural coagulants are competitive in terms of their performance and environmental sustainability. Developing a reliable extraction method is required, and therefore further investigation is essential to obtain a complete insight regarding the performance and the effect of environmental factors during pharmaceutical removal by natural coagulants. Finally, the indirect application of natural coagulants is an essential step for implementing green water and wastewater treatment technologies.

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“…They are water-soluble high-molecular-weight polymers with groups that can be converted into polymer molecules of very charged ions; in other words, polymers with ionizable sites 41 . They are polymeric organic compounds composed of long polymer chains that enmesh in water 42 . Depending on the functional groups (–OH, –COOH, and –NH) present, cationic polyelectrolytes can act as coagulants, neutralizing opposing charges and allowing particles to settle quickly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of aquaculture effluent using Picralima nitida seeds

Igwegbe

Ovuoraye

Białowiec

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Aquaculture effluent treatment is essential to eliminate the undesirable characteristics of water to ensure cleaner production and environmental sustainability. In an effort to develop green coagulant without compromising cost, this research investigated the feasibility of aquaculture effluent (AQEF) pollutant removal using Picralima nitida seeds extract (PNSC) and its bio-coagulation/adsorption kinetic characteristics with the substrate in water. The coagulative decrease was observed in terms of TD (turbidity), TSS (total suspended solids), COD (chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), and COLR (color) from AQEF. The active coagulant was extracted from the seeds and analyzed for its spectral and morphological characteristics through FTIR and SEM. The influence of PNSC dosage (0.10–0.50 g L−1), pH (2–10), settling time (0–60 min), and temperature (303–323 K) on the removal of contaminants were surveyed. The process kinetics of coagulation–flocculation were also explored. Maximal TD reduction of 90.35%, COD (82.11%), BOD (82.38%); TSS (88.84%), and COLR (65.77%) at 0.2 g PNSC L−1, pH 4, and 303 K was achieved. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests proved that pH, temperature, and settling time had a significant effect on pollutant removal. Results fitted Von Smoluchowski’s perikinetics theory at the optimum conditions, which gave R2 > 0.900. At perikinetics circumstances, the Kb (reaction rate) and $${t}_{f\frac{1}{2}}$$ t f 1 2 (half-life) correspond to 0.0635 Lg−1 min−1 and 1.9 min. More so, sorption results fitted the Lagergren over the Ho model. Additionally, the net cost of using PNSC to handle 1 L of AQEF (including electricity, material, and labor costs) was evaluated to be €4.81. Overall, the PNSC appears reliable and useful in pretreating AQEF for improved biodegradability and superior effluent quality.

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Natural organic matter (NOM) and turbidity removal by plant-based coagulants: A review

Cited by 33 publications

References 175 publications

Evaluation of Turbidity and Color Removal in Water Treatment: A Comparative Study between Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel Mucilage and FeCl3

Evaluation of Turbidity and Color Removal in Water Treatment: A Comparative Study between Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel Mucilage and FeCl3

Application of Natural Coagulants for Pharmaceutical Removal from Water and Wastewater: A Review

Purification of aquaculture effluent using Picralima nitida seeds

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