Natural Language Watermarking Based on Syntactic Displacement and Morphological Division

Kim, Miyoung; Zaı̈ane, Osmar R.; Goebel, Randy

doi:10.1109/compsacw.2010.37

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…After deleting and tamper attack when some fragments are deleted or changed, the destroyed fragment is recovered using other correct fragments that are embedded in the phrases. Kim et al [66] proposed a method that is based on syntactic displacement and morphological division in natural language watermarking for Korean. Syntax-based watermarking is used in this approach, usually, a Korean Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing word consists of function morpheme and content morpheme.…”

Section: Existing Techniques Of Text Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text Data Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things: Threats, Challenges, and Future Directions

Khadam

Iqbal

Alruily

et al. 2020

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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In our daily life, Internet-of-Things (IoT) is everywhere and used in many more beneficial functionalities. It is used in our homes, hospitals, fire prevention, and reporting and controlling the environmental changes. Data security is the crucial requirement for IoT since the number of recent technologies in different domains is increasing day by day. Various attempts have been made to cater the user’s demands for more security and privacy. However, a huge risk of security and privacy issues can arise among all those benefits. Digital document security and copyright protection are also important issues in IoT because they are distributed, reproduced, and disclosed with extensive use of communication technologies. The content of books, research papers, newspapers, legal documents, and web pages are based on plain text, and the ownership verification and authentication of such documents are essential. In the current domain of the Internet of Things, limited techniques are available for ownership verification and copyright protection. In the said perspective, this study includes the discussion about the approaches of text watermarking, IoT security challenges, IoT device limitations, and future research directions in the area of text watermarking.

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Section: Existing Techniques Of Text Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text Data Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things: Threats, Challenges, and Future Directions

Khadam

Iqbal

Alruily

et al. 2020

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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show abstract

“…The text typically consists of several words, sentences, verbs, nouns, adverbs, adjectives, and so on. Several linguistic-based approaches have used characteristics such as synonyms, abbreviations, the similarity of words, and so on, to embed secret bits into a CM [ 17 , 62 , 70 , 71 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 106 , 109 ]. In general, we can classify the linguistic based approaches into two types: syntactic and semantic.…”

Section: Various Types Of Text Hiding Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Semantic methods work based on the specific language characteristics by modifying the semantic attributes of the CM to mark/embed the SM bits . These attributes include the spelling of words, abbreviations, synonyms, acronyms, and so on [ 62 , 70 , 71 , 75 , 82 , 84 ]. The advantage of the semantic-based methods is that they protect the HM against retyping attacks or the use of OCR software [ 111 ].…”

Section: Various Types Of Text Hiding Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Text Hiding, Text Steganalysis, and Applications: A Comparative Analysis

Ahvanooey

Hou

et al. 2019

Entropy

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Modern text hiding is an intelligent programming technique which embeds a secret message/watermark into a cover text message/file in a hidden way to protect confidential information. Recently, text hiding in the form of watermarking and steganography has found broad applications in, for instance, covert communication, copyright protection, content authentication, etc. In contrast to text hiding, text steganalysis is the process and science of identifying whether a given carrier text file/message has hidden information in it, and, if possible, extracting/detecting the embedded hidden information. This paper presents an overview of state of the art of the text hiding area, and provides a comparative analysis of recent techniques, especially those focused on marking structural characteristics of digital text message/file to hide secret bits. Also, we discuss different types of attacks and their effects to highlight the pros and cons of the recently introduced approaches. Finally, we recommend some directions and guidelines for future works.

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“…The authors utilized displacing syntactic adverbials attribute that most languages allow displacement of syntactic adverbials within its part. Moreover, they claim that proposed method does not change the general meaning of the sentences, but practically it alters the meaning of text slightly [38]. Halvani et al (2013) proposed four methods to hide the watermark bits either by lexical or syntactic alteration, and those are designed for the German language.…”

Section: Linguistic (Natural Languagementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Analysis of Information Hiding Techniques for Copyright Protection of Text Documents

Ahvanooey

Shim

et al. 2018

Security and Communication Networks

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With the ceaseless usage of web and other online services, it has turned out that copying, sharing, and transmitting digital media over the Internet are amazingly simple. Since the text is one of the main available data sources and most widely used digital media on the Internet, the significant part of websites, books, articles, daily papers, and so on is just the plain text. Therefore, copyrights protection of plain texts is still a remaining issue that must be improved in order to provide proof of ownership and obtain the desired accuracy. During the last decade, digital watermarking and steganography techniques have been used as alternatives to prevent tampering, distortion, and media forgery and also to protect both copyright and authentication. This paper presents a comparative analysis of information hiding techniques, especially on those ones which are focused on modifying the structure and content of digital texts. Herein, various text watermarking and text steganography techniques characteristics are highlighted along with their applications. In addition, various types of attacks are described and their effects are analyzed in order to highlight the advantages and weaknesses of current techniques. Finally, some guidelines and directions are suggested for future works.

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Natural Language Watermarking Based on Syntactic Displacement and Morphological Division

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Text Data Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things: Threats, Challenges, and Future Directions

Text Data Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things: Threats, Challenges, and Future Directions

Modern Text Hiding, Text Steganalysis, and Applications: A Comparative Analysis

A Comparative Analysis of Information Hiding Techniques for Copyright Protection of Text Documents

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