Natural inspired piperine-based ureas and amides as novel antitumor agents towards breast cancer

Abstract

In this work, the natural piperine moiety was utilised to develop two sets of piperine-based amides ( 5a–i ) and ureas ( 8a–y ) as potential anticancer agents. The anticancer action was assessed against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231, ovarian A2780CP and hepatocellular HepG2 cancer cell lines. In particular, 8q stood out as the most potent anti-proliferative analogue against TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells with IC 50 equals 18.7 µM, which is better than that of piperine (IC 50 = 47.8 µM) and 5-FU (IC 50 = 38.5 µM). Furthermore, 8q was investigated for its possible mechanism of action in MDA-MB-231 cells via Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay and cell cycle analysis. Moreover, an in-silico analysis has proposed VEGFR-2 as a probable enzymatic target for piperine-based derivatives, and then has explored the binding interactions within VEGFR-2 active site (PDB:4ASD). Finally, an in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibition assay was performed to validate the in silico findings, where 8q showed good VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with IC 50 = 231 nM.

Spectroscopic Characterization, Cyclic Voltammetry, Biological Investigations, MOE, and Gaussian Calculations of VO(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) Heteroleptic Complexes

“…The synthesized ligand, metal complexes, and the corresponding free metal salts were assessed via the MTT assay against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells on the use of cis -platin as a positive control. This method depends on the conversion of the yellow tetrazolium bromide (MTT) by mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in viable cells to a purple formazan derivative, which can be measured spectrophotometrically, and the percent of cell viability was calculated using eq − normalc normale normall normall .25em normalv normali normala normalb normali normall normali normalt normaly = normalm normale normala normaln .25em normala normalb normals normalo normalr normalb normala normaln normalc normale .25em normalo normalf .25em normalt normalr normale normala normalt normale normald normalm normale normala normaln .25em normala normalb normals normalo normalr normalb normala normaln normalc normale .25em normalo normalf .25em normalu normaln normalt normalr normale normala normalt normale normald × 100 …”

“…The synthesized ligand, metal complexes, and the corresponding free metal salts were assessed via the MTT assay against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells on the use of cis -platin as a positive control. This method depends on the conversion of the yellow tetrazolium bromide (MTT) by mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in viable cells to a purple formazan derivative, which can be measured spectrophotometrically, and the percent of cell viability was calculated using eq − …”

Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as fluorescent nanosensors for the spectrofluorimetric determination of palbociclib: application for cellular imaging and selective probing in living cancer cells

“…A Biotek plate reader (Gen5™) was used to measure the absorbance after 14 hours of incubation at λ 570-630 nm. 35,36…”

“…A Biotek plate reader (Gen5™) was used to measure the absorbance aer 14 hours of incubation at l 570-630 nm. 35,36 2.10. Cellular bioimaging HepG2 cells were seeded on a coverslip in a 6-well plate (2 × 10 5 cells/ml, 2 mL in each well).…”

New benzothiazole hybrids as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation, and in silico study

“…The prepared PDB was exported to Leadit software 62 , 63 and the active site was set as sphere with radius 6.5 Å around the co-crystallized ligand. The software was validated as previously reported 64 and the RMSD was found to be 0.8. The 3 D structure of the compounds was selected as a library and was docked to the active site.…”