Natural infections of Pintomyia verrucarum and Pintomyia maranonensis by Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana in the Eastern Andes of northern Peru

Kato, Hirotomo; Seki, Chisato; Kubo, Makoto; Gonzales-Cornejo, Lizandro; Cáceres, Abraham G.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009352

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Mammalian hosts include humans, rodents, marsupials, and domestic dogs. Arthropod vectors are sand flies in the genera Lutzomyia and possibly Pintomyia ( Kato et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Checklist Of Eukaryotic Human Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae

Mathison¹,

Sapp²

2021

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The classification of “parasites” in the medical field is a challenging notion, a group which historically has included all eukaryotes exclusive of fungi that invade and derive resources from the human host. Since antiquity, humans have been identifying and documenting parasitic infections, and this collective catalog of parasitic agents has expanded considerably with technology. As our understanding of species boundaries and the use of molecular tools has evolved, so has our concept of the taxonomy of human parasites. Consequently, new species have been recognized while others have been relegated to synonyms. On the other hand, the decline of expertise in classical parasitology and limited curricula have led to a loss of awareness of many rarely encountered species. Here, we provide a comprehensive checklist of all reported eukaryotic organisms (excluding fungi and allied taxa) parasitizing humans resulting in 274 genus-group taxa and 848 species-group taxa. For each species, or genus where indicated, a concise summary of geographic distribution, natural hosts, route of transmission and site within human host, and vectored pathogens are presented. Ubiquitous, human-adapted species as well as very rare, incidental zoonotic organisms are discussed in this annotated checklist. We also provide a list of 79 excluded genera and species that have been previously reported as human parasites but are not believed to be true human parasites or represent misidentifications or taxonomic changes.

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“…Mammalian hosts include humans, rodents, marsupials, and domestic dogs. Arthropod vectors are sand flies in the genera Lutzomyia and possibly Pintomyia ( Kato et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Checklist Of Eukaryotic Human Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae

Mathison¹,

Sapp²

2021

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Morphological description of Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) veintemillasi n. sp., a new sand fly species from the sub-Andean region of Bolivia

et al. 2022

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Background Most sand fly species are located in the Americas; some act as vectors of leishmaniasis and other human diseases. In Bolivia, about 25% of Neotropical species have been identified, and only a few have been implicated as vectors of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. A new species of anthropophilic sand fly from the sub-Andean region of Alto Beni is described herein. Methods A large systematic entomological survey was carried out in a subtropical humid forest located in the Marimonos mountain range, at around 900 m altitude, in the municipality of Palos Blancos, Sud Yungas Province, Department of La Paz, Bolivia. Sand flies were captured over a period of 26 months between January 1982 and February 1984, at the ground and canopy level, using both CDC light traps and protected human bait. A total of 24,730 sand flies were collected on the ground, distributed in 16 species, and 3259 in the canopy, with eight species. One of these species was labeled as Pintomia (Pifanomyia) nevesi, although certain morphological features allowed us to doubt that it was that taxon. To define the identity of this sand fly, a re-evaluation (this work) was recently carried out through morphological analyses and measurements of the available specimens mounted on Euparal, previously labeled as Pi. (Pif.) nevesi. Results Based on the morphological traits and measurements, the re-evaluated specimens were definitively identified as a new sand fly species, Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) veintemillasi, closely related to Pi. (Pif.) nevesi and Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) maranonensis within the Evansi series. This new sand fly was the third most numerous anthropophilic species at the floor (6.2%) and the second most numerous anthropophilic at the canopy (35.1%). Conclusions A new anthropophilic sand fly species is described as Pi. (Pif.) veintemillasi n. sp. This sand fly species was caught at about 900 m altitude in the Marimonos mountain range, a highly endemic area for cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Therefore, this species could be involved in the leishmaniasis transmission in the sub-Andean foothills of Alto Beni, Department of La Paz, Bolivia. Graphical Abstract

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HRM Accuracy and Limitations as a Species Typing Tool for Leishmania Parasites

Filgueira,

Pitta-Pereira,

Cantanhêde

et al. 2023

IJMS

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High Resolution Melting Analysis (HRM) has been pointed out as a suitable alternative method to detect and identify Leishmania species. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and limitations of a HSP70-HRM protocol both as a diagnostic scheme applied in clinical samples and as a species typing tool for laboratory research and reference services. Our data reveal the pronounced species-typing potential of the HSP70-HRM in DNA from cultured parasites. For clinical samples, however, we advise caution due to parasite load-dependent accuracy. In light of these findings and considering the importance of parasite load determination for clinical and research purposes, we recommend the integration of the presented typing scheme and the previously published Leishmania quantifying approach as combined tools for clinicians, surveillance, and research.

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Natural infections of Pintomyia verrucarum and Pintomyia maranonensis by Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana in the Eastern Andes of northern Peru

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae

An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae

Morphological description of Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) veintemillasi n. sp., a new sand fly species from the sub-Andean region of Bolivia

HRM Accuracy and Limitations as a Species Typing Tool for Leishmania Parasites

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