Natural infection of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Cembrene-1 population) with Leishmania infantum in a new visceral leishmaniasis focus in the eastern region of São Paulo State, Brazil.

Silva, Mariana Dantas da; Galvis-Ovallos, Fredy; Casanova, Cláudio; Silva, Vanessa Gusmon da; Leonel, João Augusto Franco; Oliveira, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa; Galati, Eunice Aparecida Bianchi

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0586-2020

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The results of this study accord with Silva et al. (2021) findings and confirm the rate of 4.2% positivity of Lu. longipalpis in the areas of São Paulo state of Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…longiplapis, which is considered to be the most significantly competent vector of L. infantum, across all the tracked locations of Brazil. The continual occurrence of sandflies, therefore, marks a serious risk of L. infantum generated infection among dogs and human beings in this region.The results of this study accord withSilva et al (2021) findings and confirm the rate of 4.2% positivity of Lu. longipalpis in the areas of São Paulo state of Brazil.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

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Efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin collar in preventing canine leishmaniosis in Brazil

Alves

Oliveira

Rodas

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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The Leishmania infantum (synonym, Leishmania chagasi) causes life-threatening infection, namely canine leishmaniosis (CanL), which is a chronic zoonosis prevalent in various countries and spread by the bite of the infected Lutzomyia female sandfly in South America. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a polymer matrix collar containing made up of 10% imidacloprid and 4.5% flumethrin for the prevention of canine leishmaniosis from the hyperendemic region falling under Araçatuba municipality (Brazil). The research included a total of 146 dogs chosen from 75 households.Test were initiated via physical examination; weighing and biological sample collection (blood, popliteal lymph node and conjunctival swab) of these dogs were done in March 2018 (Day 0; GA, control = 69, GB, treated = 77) to initiate laboratory tests. Postinclusion, the animals were monitored on the 120th, 240th, 360th and 480th days, respectively. The usage of collars continued between 0 and 480 days before being substituted in second (D240) and fourth (D480) follow-up visits. On the whole, 25 dogs in GA (36.2%) and three in GB (3.9%) were found positive for L. infantum infection in a minimum of one diagnostic test used in the research. Therefore, the average collar effectiveness for protection from L. infantum infection was 89.2% (p < .01). In the last followup, the average incidence density rate for GA was 30.7%, whereas for GB, it was 2.9%.The imidacloprid/flumethrin collars evaluated in the research were found to be safe and extremely efficient for the prevention of L. infantum infection through Lutzomyia species among the large population of dogs in highly prone endemic regions. This is a dependable and efficient technique aimed at reducing the occurrence and propagation of this illness among the population of canines, which would eventually reduce the human-health-related hazards. In Brazil, Lutzomyia spp. is a leading vector of the infection; thus, the collar can be used to limit infection in dogs and humans.

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“…The results of this study accord with Silva et al. (2021) findings and confirm the rate of 4.2% positivity of Lu. longipalpis in the areas of São Paulo state of Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

supporting

confidence: 91%

Efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin collar in preventing canine leishmaniosis in Brazil

Alves

Oliveira

Rodas

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…Infected dogs are the main reservoirs of L. infantum in the domestic and peri-domestic environments [ 3 ], with mainly subclinical presentation and only a small proportion manifesting overt clinical disease [ 4 ]. The causative agent is transmitted by bites of phlebotomine sand flies of the genera Phlebotomus in the Old World [ 5 , 6 ] and Lutzomyia in the New World [ 7 , 8 ]. Meanwhile, phlebotomine sand flies of the genus Sergentomyia are known to feed primarily on cold-blooded animals [ 9 ] and are associated to Leishmania spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Leishmania tarentolae in lizards, sand flies and dogs in southern Italy, where Leishmania infantum is endemic: hindrances and opportunities

et al. 2021

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Background Leishmania tarentolae is a protozoan isolated from geckoes (Tarentola annularis, Tarentola mauritanica), which is considered non-pathogenic and is transmitted by herpetophilic Sergentomyia spp. sand flies. This species occurs in sympatry with Leishmania infantum in areas where canine leishmaniasis is endemic. In the present study, we investigated the circulation of L. tarentolae and L. infantum in sand flies, dogs and lizards in a dog shelter in southern Italy, where canine leishmaniasis by L. infantum is endemic. Methods Sheltered dogs (n = 100) negative for Leishmania spp. (March 2020) were screened by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) using promastigotes of both species at two time points (June 2020 and March 2021). Whole blood from dogs, tissues of Podarcis siculus lizards (n = 28) and sand flies (n = 2306) were also sampled and tested by a duplex real-time PCR (dqPCR). Host blood meal was assessed in sand flies by PCR. Results Overall, 16 dogs became positive for L. infantum and/or L. tarentolae by IFAT at one or both sampling periods. One canine blood sample was positive for L. infantum, whilst two for L. tarentolae by dqPCR. At the cytology of lizard blood, Leishmania spp. amastigote-like forms were detected in erythrocytes. Twenty-two tissue samples, mostly lung (21.4%), scored molecularly positive for L. tarentolae, corresponding to 10 lizards (i.e., 35.7%). Of the female Sergentomyia minuta sampled (n = 1252), 158 scored positive for L. tarentolae, four for L. infantum, and one co-infected. Two Phlebotomus perniciosus (out of 29 females) were positive for L. tarentolae. Engorged S. minuta (n = 10) fed on humans, and one P. perniciosus, positive for L. tarentolae, on lagomorphs. Conclusions Dogs and lacertid lizards (Podarcis siculus) were herein found for the first time infected by L. tarentolae. The detection of both L. tarentolae and L. infantum in S. minuta and P. perniciosus suggests their sympatric circulation, with a potential overlap in vertebrate hosts. The interactions between L. tarentolae and L. infantum should be further investigated in both vectors and vertebrate hosts to understand the potential implications for the diagnosis and control of canine leishmaniasis in endemic areas. Graphical abstract

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“…The detection of Leishmania DNA in Lu . longipalpis (14.1%) reinforces its significance in the parasite life cycle, as it has been shown to support late-stage infections of various Leishmania species both experimentally [ 31 , 32 ] and naturally [ 33 – 35 ]. Natural infections and molecular detections of Leishmania , primarily Le .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…infantum , in Lu . longipalpis are commonly reported in Brazilian areas endemic for VL, highlighting the significance of this species in the parasite life cycle [ 5 , 25 , 27 , 35 ]. While Lu .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, Leishmania detection, and blood meal sources of sand flies from Iguatama, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Dutra-Rêgo,

Binder,

Capucci

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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This study investigated the sand fly fauna of the municipality Iguatama, in the Midwest Region of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, including Leishmania infection rates and blood meal sources. Sand flies were collected during four periods over the course of a single year, encompassing both dry and rainy seasons, using CDC light traps placed in peridomiciles where dogs were seropositive for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). A total of 762 sand fly specimens, representing 12 species across seven genera, were collected. Lutzomyia longipalpis was the most abundant species, comprising 57.6% of the collected specimens, followed by Nyssomyia neivai (19.6%) and Nyssomyia whitmani (10.5%). Species richness and diversity varied among collection periods, with the highest diversity observed in January 2019. Molecular analysis detected Leishmania DNA in 12.5% of the sand fly specimens, with Le. infantum being the predominant species. Blood meal analysis revealed feeding on multiple vertebrate species, including humans, rats, dogs, and chickens. The presence of Leishmania DNA in sand flies, and the identification of human blood meals, highlight the potential role of these species in VL transmission. These findings underscore the importance of continued surveillance and control measures to prevent the spread of VL and reduce transmission risk in the region.

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Natural infection of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Cembrene-1 population) with Leishmania infantum in a new visceral leishmaniasis focus in the eastern region of São Paulo State, Brazil.

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin collar in preventing canine leishmaniosis in Brazil

Efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin collar in preventing canine leishmaniosis in Brazil

Detection of Leishmania tarentolae in lizards, sand flies and dogs in southern Italy, where Leishmania infantum is endemic: hindrances and opportunities

Diversity, Leishmania detection, and blood meal sources of sand flies from Iguatama, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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