Natural human antibodies reactive with primate type-C viral antigens.

Kurth, Reinhard; Teich, Natalie M.; Weiss, Robin A.; Oliver, R.T.D.

doi:10.1073/pnas.74.3.1237

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These antigens were unable to prevent binding of radioactive antigens in homologous or heterologous competition RIAs, confirming similar negative data obtained previously (30). Likewise, human sera nonreactive in direct RIA titrations remained negative when unlabeled homologous or heterologous virus antigens were added.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When detergent-treated iodinated virus particles had been used as antigens, it was noted that positive human sera reacted preferentially with the virus envelope glycoprotein gp70 of SSV(SSAV) and much less often with the p28 and p15 virus structural proteins (30)(31)(32). The absolute amounts of viral antigens precipitable by given quantities of human sera were somewhat lower when purified viral antigens were used as compared to antigens in detergent-disrupted virus preparations (30). These quantitative differences may be due either to the possibility that, in preparations of detergent-disrupted iodinated virus, residual virus polypeptides remained linked or to the fact that purified virus antigens are more susceptible to degradation, which in turn may both prevent antibody binding and lower binding avidity and thus resistance to sediment washing procedures in the RIAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our modification of the RIA, which detects low-as well as high-affinity IgG antibodies, has been described in detail (30)(31)(32) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our modification of the RIA, which detects low-as well as high-affinity IgG antibodies, has been described in detail (30)(31)(32) Second antibody was produced by immunizing rabbits with purified goat IgG and goats with human and rabbit IgG, according to published procedures (46).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Human antibodies reactive with purified envelope antigens of primate type C tumor viruses.

Kurth¹,

Mikschy²

1978

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Human sera from healthy individuals have been shown to react with viral antigens in preparations of de-tergent-disrupted C type viruses from monkeys. In this report, it is demonstrated that (populations of) these human antibodies react with highly purified envelope glycoproteins of the simian sarcoma virus-simian sarcoma-associated virus complex and the Friend leukemia virus complex. Several immunological parameters influencing human antibody binding to C type tumor virus antigens have been characterized. These parameters indicate that human antibodies tend to bind to what is probably a subset of the antigenic determinants on the virus envelope antigens and that different human sera recognize the same antigenic determinants on the virus envelope antigens tested. The possible origin of these antibodies is discussed. Evidence for the presence of oncornavirus particles (1-13) as well as viral antigens (14-20), RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) (21-25), and nucleic acids (22,(26)(27)(28)(29) in normal and malignant human tissues has accumulated steadily over the past few years. Another approach to search for C type virus information in humans is to screen sera from healthy individuals and from patients for antibodies reacting with tumor virus antigens. The presence of such antibodies may indicate previous viral infection.In the absence of C type tumor virus strains of undisputable human origin, we made use of the observation that comparative analysis of C type animal viruses generally revealed close immunological and biochemical similarities between virus strains isolated from the same or evolutionary related species. It could, therefore, be assumed that the yet putative human C type viruses may share antigenic determinants and nucleic acid homologies with virus strains of higher primates-i.e., monkeys and apes. For this reason we have used structural proteins of C type viruses from monkeys to survey human sera for the presence of antibodies reacting with C type viral antigens.Our previous investigations revealed the presence of antibodies in the majority of human sera that react with antigens in preparations of C type primate viruses (30-3). These data are in agreement with related findings from some laboratories (34-36), but contradict reports from several others that were unable to demonstrate human antibodies reacting with RNA tumor virus antigens (37-39). The reasons for these discrepancies remain unclear at present, but they may have been caused by using different human sera, different immunological detection techniques, virus antigens prepared by different procedures, and different interpretation of the data (discussed in refs. 30 and 31).To resolve these discrepancies, both improvement of the immunological detection techniques and the use of viral antigens purified to homogeneity (40, 41) seemed imperative.This publication deals with the presence of antibodies inThe publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our modification of the RIA, which detects low-as well as high-affinity IgG antibodies, has been described in detail (30)(31)(32) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Human antibodies reactive with purified envelope antigens of primate type C tumor viruses.

Kurth¹,

Mikschy²

1978

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Antigens and circulating immune complexes related to the primate retroviral glycoprotein SiSVgp70: Indicators of early mortality in human acute leukemias and chronic myelogenous leukemias in blast crisis

Hehlmann

Erfle²,

Schetters

et al. 1984

Cancer

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Human sera contain antigens and also circulating immune complexes that are related to the primate retroviral envelope glycoprotein gp70 of simian sarcoma/simian sarcoma associated virus (SiSV) and of gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV). SiSVgp70 related antigens (AG) and immune complexes (IC) are detected both in leukemic and in nonleukemic sera.23 In a further analysis of these data, the prognostic significance of SiSVgp70 related AG and IC indicates an unfavorable clinical course and a shorter survival time in acute leukemias (AL) and in chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis (CML‐BC). Survival data of 56 of 64 patients tested were analyzed (38 patients with AL and 18 patients with CML‐BC). Patients with AL whose sera were positive for SiSVgp70 realted AG and IC had a median survival time of 9.5 months after diagnosis versus 16 months for patients negative for such AG and IC. This difference in survival time was more pronounced for patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) (6.5 versus 19 months). The difference in survival between SiSVgp70 related AG‐ and IC‐negative and positive groups as tested by life table analysis (log‐rank test) is significant (P < 0.05). Patients with AL of the AG‐ and/or IC‐positive group had fewer complete remissions. Patients who had no remissions belong to the AG‐ and/or IC‐positive group (P = 0.06). Patients with CML‐BC whose sera were positive for SiSVgp70 related AG and/or IC had a median survival time of 2 months after diagnosis versus 7 months for patients with sera negative for such AG and IC. As tested by long‐rank test, survival curves between the two groups are significantly different (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that SiSVgp70 related AG and IC may play an important role in the course of acute leukemia and can provide useful prognostic information.

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Reactivities of systemic lupus erythematosus sera with cellular and virus antigen preparations

Pincus

Steinberg

Blacklow

et al. 1978

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) showed significantly higher complement fixation reactivities with 8 of 10 virus antigen preparations compared to sera of normal subjects, including virus workers, confirming earlier observations. However, one-third of SLE sera were also reactive with cellular antigens, prepared in a manner identical to viral antigens, but from cells not infected with virus. By contrast, only one of 49 normal sera showed reactivity with one of nine cellular antigens, at a minimal titer. Apparently heightened reactivities of SLE sera with virus antigens could be explained in many instances on the basis of reactions with cellular antigens. Serum reactivities with nonviral tissue antigens in SLE must be considered in interpretation of immunologic studies related to viruses and SLE.High levels of a wide spectrum of unusual antibodies reactive with proteins and nucleic acids are found in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (1). Considerable attention has been directed toward possible disorders of immunologic regulation and/ or atypical virus infection in the etiology of these antibodies (2). Identification of virus-associated microtubular structures in electron micrographs (3-5) and elevated antibody titers to a number of viruses (6-12) have heightened interest in the virus hypothesis in SLE (l3,14). In studies reported here, the finding of raised antibody titers to many virus antigen preparations in sera of SLE patients compared to sera of normal subjects, including virus workers, has been confirmed. Certain SLE sera showed levels of complement fixing reactivity far greater than those seen in any of the normal sera tested. However, unusual reactivities with control antigen preparations, i.e. replicate cell cultures used to prepare virus antigens that had not been infected with viruses, have also been found in over one-third of SLE sera. Reactivities with control antigen preparations, which are not found in normal sera, substantially complicate analysis of viral imrnunodiagnostic studies involving sera of SLE patients. PATIENTS AND METHODSSera. Two study groups of sera were collected from SLE patients who fulfilled clinical criteria described in previous reports (l5), along with matched control sera. Male SLE patients were excluded from the studies because too few were available for meaningful analysis. To establish the first (study) group, sera were collected from 50 female SLE patients; 13 showed anticomplementary activity and were not further

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Natural human antibodies reactive with primate type-C viral antigens.

Cited by 63 publications

References 39 publications

Human antibodies reactive with purified envelope antigens of primate type C tumor viruses.

Human antibodies reactive with purified envelope antigens of primate type C tumor viruses.

Antigens and circulating immune complexes related to the primate retroviral glycoprotein SiSVgp70: Indicators of early mortality in human acute leukemias and chronic myelogenous leukemias in blast crisis

Reactivities of systemic lupus erythematosus sera with cellular and virus antigen preparations

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