Natural History of Schizophrenia Subtypes

Fenton, Wayne S.; McGlashan, Thomas H.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810350018003

Cited by 295 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Subsequent studies provided evidence that a substantial proportion of patients were not stable over time and could display both types of symptoms [39, 40]. Nevertheless, the distinction between positive and negative symptoms received some support within a dimensional model [41, 42]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients With First-Episode Psychosis are Not a Homogeneous Population: Implications for Treatment

Cocchi¹,

Cerati²,

Lora³

et al. 2014

CPEMH

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Objective: This study aimed at defining the characteristics of a population of patients diagnosed with first-episode psychosis (FEP), and accessing for the first time a center for early intervention in psychosis in the health district of Milan and its surroundings. Methods: Patients were included in the study from January 2007 to December 2008; criteria: first contact with any public mental health service of the catchment area for a first episode of schizophrenia or related syndromes according to the ICD-10 criteria. Cluster analysis was used to divide patients into groups based on the main socio-demographic and clinical characteristics at presentation. Results: Overall, 91 FEP patients were enrolled in the study. Two clusters were identified, which differed principally by symptom profile. Patients in cluster 1 (n=36) had severe agitation, and a history of alcohol and/or substance abuse at presentation more often than those in cluster 2 (n=55), who were more likely to suffer at presentation from severe depression or apathy, anxiety, poor self-care, functional or work impairment and severe social withdrawal. After six months of treatment patients improved on almost all symptomatic dimensions on the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, with greater improvement in cluster 1 than in cluster 2. Conclusions: The findings of this study need replication in larger samples and on a wider severity scale. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of patients with FEP might impact on treatment. Policymakers should recognize the importance of the diagnostic and outcome assessment in the treatment of severe mental disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients With First-Episode Psychosis are Not a Homogeneous Population: Implications for Treatment

Cocchi¹,

Cerati²,

Lora³

et al. 2014

CPEMH

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“…These symptoms affect approximately one-third of patients with the illness and the severity of the negative symptoms is often associated with the course of the illness, as well as the patients' function and quality of life (Breier et al, 1991; Fenton and McGlashan, 1991; Katschnig, 2000; Norman et al, 2000). Additionally, the effectiveness of currently available treatment options (e.g., antipsychotics, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and psychosocial treatments) has been found to be inadequate (Keefe et al, 1999; Leucht et al, 2009; Swartz et al, 2007; Wykes et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social interaction and social withdrawal in rodents as readouts for investigating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Wilson¹,

Koenig²

2014

European Neuropsychopharmacology

110

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Negative symptoms (e.g., asociality and anhedonia) are a distinct symptomatic domain that has been found to significantly affect the quality of life in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Additionally, the primary negative symptom of asociality (i.e., withdrawal from social contact that derives from indifference or lack of desire to have social contact) is a major contributor to poor psychosocial functioning and has been found to play an important role in the course of the disorder. Nonetheless, the pathophysiology underlying these symptoms is unknown and currently available treatment options (e.g., antipsychotics and cognitive-behavioral therapy) fail to reliably produce efficacious benefits. Utilizing rodent paradigms that measure social behaviors (e.g., social withdrawal) to elucidate the neurobiological substrates that underlie social dysfunction and to identify novel therapeutic targets may be highly informative and useful to understand more about the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Accordingly, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the behavioral tasks for assessing social functioning that may be translationally relevant for investigating negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia.

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“…Social anhedonia reflects a lack of interest or pleasure in social stimuli, and asociality reflects a lack of motivated social behavior. In people with schizophrenia, social anhedonia/asociality is associated with both poor prognosis (Meuser et al, 1991; Fenton & McGlashan, 1991; Sayers et al, 2006) and functional deficits (e.g., Green et al, 2012). More severely anhedonic schizophrenia probands tend to have family members with increased anhedonia (e.g., Berenbaum & McGrew, 1993; Fanous et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported affective traits and current affective experiences of biological relatives of people with schizophrenia

Docherty

Sponheim

Kerns

2015

Schizophrenia Research

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Schizophrenia is characterized by self-reported trait anhedonia but intact hedonic responses during laboratory experiments. Affective traits of first-degree biological relatives may be similar to those of people with schizophrenia, and measures of hedonic response in relatives may be free of antipsychotic medication or cognitive confounds. Relatives also self-report increased anhedonia, yet it is unclear whether, like in patients, this anhedonia is paired with largely intact hedonic self-report. In this study, first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia (n=33) and nonpsychiatric controls (n=25) completed a wide range of questionnaires and tasks assessing social and physical anhedonia, positive and negative affective experience, and anticipatory and consummatory pleasure. Valence, intensity, frequency, and the arousal of current emotion were assessed. Extraversion and current positive and negative affective state were also examined in relation to self-reported social anhedonia. Relatives evidenced the same disjunction of increased self-reported anhedonia and intact affective response observed in people with schizophrenia. Group differences in anhedonia were not better accounted for by decreased current positive affect, increased current negative affect, or decreased extraversion in relatives. Results suggest that, like people with schizophrenia, first-degree relatives report intact hedonic response on both questionnaire and laboratory measures despite significant elevations in self-reported social anhedonia.

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Natural History of Schizophrenia Subtypes

Cited by 295 publications

References 61 publications

Patients With First-Episode Psychosis are Not a Homogeneous Population: Implications for Treatment

Patients With First-Episode Psychosis are Not a Homogeneous Population: Implications for Treatment

Social interaction and social withdrawal in rodents as readouts for investigating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Self-reported affective traits and current affective experiences of biological relatives of people with schizophrenia

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