Natural History of Chronic Staphylococcus epidermidis Foreign Body Infection in a Mouse Model

Gallimore, Barbara; Gagnon, Raymonde F.; Subang, Rebecca; Richards, Geoffrey K.

doi:10.1093/infdis/164.6.1220

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Many articles reported evidence of biofilms growing on foreign bodies in the wounds of animals in the early 1990s, 13 but it was not until 1996 that the first report presenting evidence of biofilm in a wound was published. In this study with a mouse model, 14 Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated onto a wound cut in the mouse's skin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilms and Wounds: An Overview of the Evidence

Percival

McCarty

Lipsky

2015

Advances in Wound Care

303

205

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilms and Wounds: An Overview of the Evidence

Percival

McCarty

Lipsky

2015

Advances in Wound Care

303

205

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“…Thus, the overall number of animals required is reduced. Furthermore, the ability to monitor the pathogen burden quantitatively without exogenous sampling considerably reduces the time and cost.A number of animal models have been developed for studying aspects such as different biomaterials, pathogenesis, and treatment of foreign-body infections (2,13,24,32,39,41). These models have provided vital information about the progress of infection and antibiotic pharmacodynamics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Continuous Method for Monitoring Biofilm Infection in a Mouse Model

Kadurugamuwa¹,

Sin²,

Albert³

et al. 2003

Infect Immun

220

217

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We have developed a rapid, continuous method for real-time monitoring of biofilms, both in vitro and in a mouse infection model, through noninvasive imaging of bioluminescent bacteria colonized on Teflon catheters. Two important biofilm-forming bacterial pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were made bioluminescent by insertion of a complete lux operon. These bacteria produced significant bioluminescent signals for both in vitro studies and the development of an in vivo model, allowing effective real-time assessment of the physiological state of the biofilms. In vitro viable counts and light output were parallel and highly correlated (S. aureus r ‫؍‬ 0.98; P. aeruginosa r ‫؍‬ 0.99) and could be maintained for 10 days or longer, provided that growth medium was replenished every 12 h. In the murine model, subcutaneous implantation of the catheters (precolonized or postimplant infected) was well tolerated. An infecting dose of 10 3 to 10 5 CFU/catheter for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa resulted in a reproducible, localized infection surrounding the catheter that persisted until the termination of the experiment on day 20. Recovery of the bacteria from the catheters of infected animals showed that the bioluminescent signal corresponded to the CFU and that the lux constructs were highly stable even after many days in vivo. Since the metabolic activity of viable cells could be detected directly on the support matrix, nondestructively, and noninvasively, this method is especially appealing for the study of chronic biofilm infections and drug efficacy studies in vivo.Microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on medical implants is a common occurrence and represents a serious medical problem. Since biofilm microorganisms are difficult to eradicate with antibiotic therapy, chronic, recurrent infections often develop. With the increased use of prosthetic biomedical implants, chronic nosocomial infections have become prevalent in recent years (9,41). Bacterial colonization of indwelling devices can be a prelude to both systemic infection and malfunction of the device.A variety of techniques, such as direct microscopic enumeration, total viable count, metabolically active dyes, radiochemistry, and fluorescence, have been used to investigate microbial biofilms (1,4,8,14,17,18,23,29,33,38). While some of these methods are useful for in vitro studies, they have not proved ideal for the investigation of biofilms in experimental infection models. The difficulty in analyzing biofilms in vivo lies in the lack of tools that allow noninvasive longitudinal study design. Assays developed to date, both direct and indirect, are timeconsuming and laborious and involve the extraction of bacteria from support surfaces. To better understand and control biofilms on medical devices, rapid, direct, nondestructive, realtime quantitative monitoring methods that are adaptable to the clinical situation are needed. These assays may be used to develop new preventive and therapeutic methods to combat biofilm related infections.To ...

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“…The qualitative study used the reaction of reduction of colourless 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to red formazan conducted by metabolically active bacteria [9,10]. Sterile biomaterial fragments were placed in tubes containing 4 ml of trypticase soy broth (TSB, Becton Dickinson, Sparks, USA) with the bacterial suspension of density of 0,5 according to MacFarland scale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sterile biomaterial fragments were placed in tubes containing 4 ml of trypticase soy broth (TSB, Becton Dickinson, Sparks, USA) with the bacterial suspension of density of 0,5 according to MacFarland scale. Next, the samples were incubated in an aerobic atmosphere at 37°C for 72 hours, replacing the medium with sterile one every 24 hours [9,10] After 24-hour incubation of samples at 37°C in the aerobic atmosphere, the TTC reduction ratio (biofilm formation) was assessed according to the scale as follows: 0 -no TTC reduction TTC (no biofilm formation or fragment of sterile mesh), 1 -small pinking points on implant surface (weak biofilm formation), 2 -pinking of the entire surface of the implant (strong biofilm formation), 3 -redness of the whole surface of the implant, and the turbidity and red colour of the medium (very strong biofilm formation). The test was performed three times for each strain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biofilm formation on biomaterials used in hernia surgery

Reśliński

Dąbrowiecki

Głowacka

2014

MBS

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Head: Ryszard Górecki prof. S u m m a r yDeep surgical site infection (DSSI) in patients undergoing hernioplasty with implantation of biomaterials is a complication taking place with biofilm formation. Despite the indicated increase in the frequency of isolation of S. aureus and E. coli bacteria as etiological factors of DSSI, there have been few studies published so far that evaluated biofilm formation by these microorganisms on the surface of different biomaterials.The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare biofilm formation on the surface of biomaterials used in hernia surgery by clinical isolates of S. aureus and E. coli.70 strains of S. aureus and E. coli were used; they differed in chromosomal DNA within the species. The evaluation of biofilm formation on the surface of the monofilament polypropylene mesh, multifilament mesh (polypropylene, polyester and composite) and a patch of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene was made using qualitative and quantitative methods and by means of a scanning electron microscope.The strains differ in terms of biofilm formation within the species. Strains of S. aureus formed a biofilm more strongly than E. coli. The investigated strains formed biofilm stronger on the surface of the multifilament implants than on polypropylene monofilament mesh.Formation of biofilm by clinical isolates of S. aureus and E. coli on the surface of biomaterials used in hernia surgery varies depending on the strain and species of bacteria as well as the structure and the hydrophobicity of biomaterial. S t r e s z c z e n i e Głębokie zakażenie miejsca operowanego (GZMO) u pacjentów poddanych hernioplastyce z implantacją biomateriału jest powikłaniem przebiegającym z powstaniem biofilmu. Mimo, że notowany jest wzrost częstości izolacji bakterii S. aureus i E. coli jako czynników etiologicznych GZMO, dotychczas ukazały się nieliczne prace, w których oceniano tworzenie biofilmu przez te drobnoustroje na powierzchni różnych biomateriałów.Celem pracy była ocena i porównanie tworzenia biofilmu na powierzchni biomateriałów stosowanych w chirurgii przepuklin przez izolaty kliniczne S. aureus i E. coli.Użyto po 70 szczepów S. aureus i E. coli, izolowanych od różnych pacjentów hospitalizowanych w 3 klinikach chirurgii, różniących się wzorem DNA chromosomalnego w obrębie gatunku. Ocenę tworzenia biofilmu na powierzchni monofilamentowej siatki polipropylenowej, multifilamentowych siatek (polipropylenowej, poliestrowej i kompozytowej) oraz łacie z ekspandowanego politetrafluoroetylenu DOI: 10.2478/MBS.2014 wykonano metodą jakościową, ilościową oraz z użyciem skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego.Szczepy różniły się zdolnością do tworzenia biofilmu w obrębie gatunku. Szczepy S. aureus tworzyły biofilm silniej niż pałeczki E. coli. Badane izolaty tworzyły biofilm silniej na powierzchni implantów multifilamentowych niż na monofilamentowej siatce polipropylenowej.Tworzenie biofilmu przez izolaty kliniczne S. aureus i E. coli na powierzchni biomateriałów stosowanych chirurgii przepuklin różni się w zależności ...

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Natural History of Chronic Staphylococcus epidermidis Foreign Body Infection in a Mouse Model

Cited by 37 publications

References 11 publications

Biofilms and Wounds: An Overview of the Evidence

Biofilms and Wounds: An Overview of the Evidence

Direct Continuous Method for Monitoring Biofilm Infection in a Mouse Model

Biofilm formation on biomaterials used in hernia surgery

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