Natural groundwaters in Poland - occurrence, properties and chemical types

Ziemska, Joanna; Mazańska, Małgorzata; Szynal, Tomasz; Solecka, Jolanta

doi:10.32394/rpzh.2020.0141

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Water treatment (or balneology) has been appreciated for its well-being effects throughout the ages. The interest in the use of water in treatments over the past decades has seen a revival [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five dimensions of cleansing: A holistic view on the facets and importance of skin cleansing

Blaak,

Grabmann,

Simon

et al. 2023

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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Cleansing is an important human ritual practised for hygiene, well‐being and relaxation over centuries. As part of body care it is often taken for granted, yet its relevance cannot be underestimated. Although cleansing the skin may seem trivial to some, it is accepted, that this fundamental function of skin cleansing products is highly complex, diverse and crucial for a variety of reasons in the personal, public, healthcare and dermatological settings. Employing a comprehensive and strategic approach in viewing cleansing and its rituals, supports innovation, understanding and development. Apart from being a fundamental function, as far as we know, there is no comprehensive presentation of skin cleansing with all its effects besides ‘removing dirt’. To our knowledge, comprehensive analyses on the multi‐dimensional facets of skin cleansing are either rare or not published. Against this background, we examine the importance of cleansing in terms of function, relevance and concepts. First, the key functions and efficacies of skin cleansing were investigated by literature research. Based on this survey, the functions were analysed, sorted and merged and a novel approach to skin cleansing ‘dimensions’ was developed. Herewith, we took into consideration the evolution of skin cleansing in terms of concept evolution, complexity and testing methods for cleansing products and their claims. Several multi‐dimensional functions of skin cleansing were identified and then established into five skin cleansing dimensions, namely: hygienic and medical importance; socio‐cultural and interpersonal relevance; mood, emotion and well‐being; cosmetic and aesthetic function; corneobiological interactions. It became obvious, that these five dimensions with their corresponding 11 sub‐dimensions, are influenced by each other throughout history by culture and society, technical progress, scientific knowledge and consumer trends. This article presents the enormous complexity of skin cleansing. Skin cleansing has evolved from basic care up to a highly complex and diverse cosmetic product category in terms of technology, efficacy and usage routine(s). In view of future challenges, such as the effects of climate and associated lifestyle changes, the development of skin cleansing will remain an exciting and important topic and thus will finally, again, further increase the complexity of skin cleansing itself.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five dimensions of cleansing: A holistic view on the facets and importance of skin cleansing

Blaak,

Grabmann,

Simon

et al. 2023

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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Characterization of humic substances in waters and their therapeutic applications – a review

Ziemska,

Szynal,

Mazańska

et al. 2024

Acta Balneol

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Aim: In this review, the authors characterise bioactive ingredients of humic waters, the chemical structure of humic acids and their properties, methods of their analysis and isolation. The aim of the study is also to review the application of humic waters and humic acids in different fields such as medicine and balneology. Materials and Methods: A literature review was done based on the available PubMed bibliographic database from 1994-2023. Articles in Polish and English were included. During the search the keywords such as humic waters, humic acids, peloids, balneotherapy and balneology were used. The authors also used other sources for the search, such as books and internet websites. Conclusions: Humic acids have a very high sorption capacity and a variety of biological properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, which can be successfully applied in different fields of medicine: dermatology, gastrology, diabetology and balneotherapy. The multitude of biological properties of humic waters and humic substances raises the question of whether or not they should be considered natural medicinal resources.

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Natural groundwaters in Poland - occurrence, properties and chemical types

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Five dimensions of cleansing: A holistic view on the facets and importance of skin cleansing

Five dimensions of cleansing: A holistic view on the facets and importance of skin cleansing

Characterization of humic substances in waters and their therapeutic applications – a review

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