Natural ground-water quality in Michigan, 1974-87

Abstract

Introduction 1 Purpose and scope 2 Methods of investigation 2 General water-quality conditions 3 Areal variations in water quality 12 Relation of water quality to geologic source 17 Relation of water quality to mineral associations 25 Conclusions 28 Selected references 30 Definition of terms 32 Appendix: Median values of chemical and physical characteristics of water from geologic sources 33 ill NATURAL GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN MICHIGAN, 1974-87

Groundwater flux and nutrient loading in the northeast section of Bear Lake, Muskegon County, Michigan, 2015

“…Groundwater and surface-water concentrations from this study were compared to USGS NAWQA groundwater (USGS, 1999) and State of Michigan groundwater and stream water concentrations (Hoard and others, 2009). Median phosphorus concentrations in groundwater from the current (2017) study were approximately 19 times greater than previously reported median groundwater concentrations in Michigan (Cummings, 1989). Median orthophosphate concentrations from the current study were at least 11 times greater than previously reported mean orthophosphate concentrations in groundwater from Michigan (Cummings, 1989).…”

“…Median orthophosphate concentrations from the current study were at least 11 times greater than previously reported mean orthophosphate concentrations in groundwater from Michigan (Cummings, 1989). Median total nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate plus nitrite concentrations from groundwater in the current study were 5.7 times, 14.4 times, and 1.8 times greater, respectively, than State of Michigan median concentrations (Cummings, 1989); however, mean nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in groundwater from the current study were 53.6 percent less than the national mean nitrate plus nitrite concentration in groundwater (USGS, 1999). Phosphorus concentrations in Willbrandt Pond West were 21 times greater than the State of Michigan surface-water means.…”

“…Median phosphorus concentrations in groundwater from the current (2017) study were approximately 19 times greater than previously reported median groundwater concentrations in Michigan (Cummings, 1989). Median orthophosphate concentrations from the current study were at least 11 times greater than previously reported mean orthophosphate concentrations in groundwater from Michigan (Cummings, 1989). Median total nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate plus nitrite concentrations from groundwater in the current study were 5.7 times, 14.4 times, and 1.8 times greater, respectively, than State of Michigan median concentrations (Cummings, 1989); however, mean nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in groundwater from the current study were 53.6 percent less than the national mean nitrate plus nitrite concentration in groundwater (USGS, 1999).…”

Hydrology and land use in Grand Traverse County, Michigan

“…Dissolved-solids concentration (mg/L) = -0.92 + 0.57 x Specific conductance (uS/cm) Median values of chemical and physical characteristics, based on data in table 26, and on data summarized in table 27, were compared to median values found by Cummings (1989) in a survey of natural ground-water quality. Table 28 shows the comparision for 31 selected substances or properties.…”