Natural gas hydrate promotion capabilities of toluene sulfonic acid isomers

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the natural gas hydrate promotion capabilities of the hydrotrope Toluene Sulfonic Acid (TSA) isomers as an additive. The capabilities of TSA isomers were measured with different concentrations. The optimum additive concentration for hydrate formation was determined for the given pressure, temperature, mixing condition, and cooling time. The natural gas hydrate promotability of para-TSA was found to be 20% and 35% more than meta-TSA and ortho-TSA respectively at the optimum concentration. Beyond the optimum TSA concentration, the hydrate formation declined as the ice formation reduced the overall gas-to-water volume ratio in the hydrates

On the isobaric specific heat capacity of natural gas

“…The phase envelope of the sour natural gas mixture [29] and the experimental domain are illustrated in the Fig. 3.…”

Kinetic study on gas hydrate formation and dissociation.

“…(i) to upsurge the amount of gas hydrate formation, which is dangerous in most hydrate-associated technologies, for example, hydrate-based gas storage (Jarrahian;Heidaryan, 2014) hydrate-based gas capture and, sequestration (Babu et al, 2013;Babu et al, 2015;Dashti et al, 2015);…”