Natural fluid phases at high temperatures and low pressures

Shmulovich, K. I.; Churakov, Sergey

doi:10.1016/s0375-6742(97)00041-1

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…7d), possibly as a result of the very high H 2 O contents of this explosive event compared with previous dome rocks, or perhaps precipitation of a brine phase within the fluid during ascent (e.g. Shmulovich and Churakov, 1998;Webster and Mandeville, 2007).…”

Section: Modelling Degassing Recorded By Melt Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Chlorine variations in the magma of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat: Insights from Cl in hornblende and melt inclusions

Humphreys

Edmonds

Christopher

et al. 2009

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Section: Modelling Degassing Recorded By Melt Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Chlorine variations in the magma of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat: Insights from Cl in hornblende and melt inclusions

Humphreys

Edmonds

Christopher

et al. 2009

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…0.1 MPa). Interestingly, Giggenbach (1987) and Shmulovich and Churakov (1998) observed that subsurface magmatic degassing and hydrothermal activity can occur at low, near-surface pressures if the magma chambers, magma conduits, or hydrothermal systems are connected to the surface. Stevenson (1993) modeled the fl ow of magmatic vapor to the surface for a variety of conduits.…”

Section: Intensive Properties Of Fl Uids In Volcanic Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrolysis reactions increasingly favor the generation of HCl with decreasing pressure (Fournier 1987); so, the HCl content of aqueous, chloride vapors increases as they ascend toward the surface. These reactions are a primary cause for the acidity of volcanic gases (Shmulovich and Churakov 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Immiscibility in Volcanic Environments

Webster

Mandeville

2007

Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry

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INTRODUCTIONVolatile components enter the atmosphere, oceans, and other surface waters through pre-, syn-, and post-eruptive volcanic processes that involve a variety of fl uids. Aluminosilicate-poor fl uids include aqueous or carbonic to sulfi de-, sulfate-, chloride-, fl uoride-, carbonate-, and phosphate-rich compositions in volcanic environments, but other more complex combinations of these constituents may be involved (Giggenbach 1977;Roedder 1984 Roedder , 1992Lowenstern 1995). Other, rare gases and dissolved constituents (e.g., H 2 , N 2 , He, Ar, H 3 BO 3 , Hg, CH 4 and other hydrocarbon compounds, metals, and metalloids) are also present, but in general they are not suffi ciently concentrated to form their own phases or control bulk-fl uid composition and volcanic processes. As a result of their diverse compositions, volcanic fl uids ranging from vapor to liquid exhibit widely different densities and show strong distinctions in heat capacity, dielectric behavior, viscosity, and other chemical and physical characteristics (Geiger et al. 2006a). The density of a saline liquid in the system NaCl-H 2 O at 50 MPa and 800 °C, for example, is more than 7 times that of the coexisting aqueous vapor (e.g., 0.2 gm/cm 3 ) (Henley and McNabb 1978).Multiple fl uids move, mix, and/or unmix in magma chambers and volcanic conduits, in the root zone of fumaroles, and in the convective hydrothermal systems that are ubiquitous to volcanic environments. Hydrothermal systems are typically centered on magmatic intrusions and may include crater lakes at the top of eruptive conduits. Hydrothermal processes involving two or more fl uid phases operate through a variety of geologically relevant, shallowcrustal pressure-temperature-composition conditions. Volcanic fl uids occur at supersolidus to subsolidus conditions, meaning that the dense aluminosilicate melt that is common to volcanism may or may not be present. This chapter addresses the evidence for and occurrence of two or more low-density, aluminosilicate-poor fl uids in volcanic and related environments. It also describes the role of multiple fl uids in the chemical and physical processes that occur in these environments-even though many aspects of volcanic processes are still poorly understood. BACKGROUND

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“….). To reduce the number of cases to treat, we consider only the three most abundant, H, Na, and K, as possible Cl-linked cations (e.g., [52]. The second step of the mass balance thus adds various amounts of these three cations as a function of W f Cl .…”

Section: Computing the Fluid Phase Composition And Estimating The Assmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloride partitioning and solubility in hydrous phonolites from Erebus volcano: A contribution towards a multi-component degassing model

Alletti

Burgisser

Scaillet

et al. 2014

GeoResJ

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International audienceWe present results from a series of experiments on the partitioning of chlorine between a hydrous fluid phase and a phonolitic melt that we then use to model specific aspects of volcanic degassing. Experiments were performed from 250 to 10 MPa on a phonolite from Erebus lava lake, Antarctica, at 1000 °C near the QFM solid buffer. Only one of 48 experimental samples shows coexistence of low-density vapour and high-density brine in the fluid phase while 35 samples are unambiguously in the vapour field. Large uncertainties in the H 2 O–NaCl phase diagram at the P–T considered do not allow us to assign reliable phase behaviour to the remaining samples. We select a vapour-dominated subset of our dataset to estab-lish an empirical HCl solubility law valid at low pressures and salinities. This law is incorporated into a thermodynamical model of degassing, which we use to compute equilibrium temperatures from gas measurements made at Erebus in 2010. The quiescent lake activity features cyclic temperature variations between 1000 and 1050 °C, which is consistent with thermal convection within the shallow plumbing system. Backward tracking of representative gas compositions and temperatures shows the evolution with pressure of the molar ratio of SO 2 /HCl in the gas, a quantity that is often measured in volcanic plumes. Model outputs suggest that this ratio can vary by up to an order of magnitude when the pressure changes from atmospheric to 100 MPa, depending on degassing style (coupled vs. decoupled ascent of gas and melt). Ó 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/)

show abstract

Natural fluid phases at high temperatures and low pressures

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Chlorine variations in the magma of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat: Insights from Cl in hornblende and melt inclusions

Chlorine variations in the magma of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat: Insights from Cl in hornblende and melt inclusions

Fluid Immiscibility in Volcanic Environments

Chloride partitioning and solubility in hydrous phonolites from Erebus volcano: A contribution towards a multi-component degassing model

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